Influence of automicobiota on qualitative and quantitative indicators of Scots pine seeds under in vitro conditions

Abstract

Experimental data have shown that the dominant species in mycobiota of all age groups were Trichoderma viride (20.0–95.8 %), Mycelia sterilia (33–83.3 %), Alternaria alternata (6.7–83.3 %), Cladosporium cladosporioides (6.7–69.2 %). The fungi identified in the process were marked by both stimulating and phytotoxic action. It was found that Trichoderma viride 2016 was the highest in the growth processes of pine seeds (laboratory germination was exceeded by 14–17 %). There was an increase in the length of seedlings by 1.2 cm and the mass of sprouts by 0.07 g. The variety Trichoderma lignorum 201 also had high stimulating properties. Its effect revealed a significant increase in length of seedlings by 1.9 mm and weight by 0.04 g, germination increased by 7–19 %. Variety Trichoderma viride 16 was characterized by a stimulating effect on seed germination (germination share was 18–22%), with the increase of seedlings’ length by 1.5 mm and weight by 0.13 g. Under conditions of treatment with Alternaria alternata 2016, there was an increase in germination during cultivation (14 days) by 7 %, and of seedlings’ length – by 0.3 mm. When treated with this variety, the seedlings weight decreased by 0.2 g. The varieties of Trichoderma viride 2016, Trichoderma lignorum 201, Alternaria alternata 2016, Trichoderma viride 16 stimulated the growth of seedlings of pine by an average of 7–22 % compared to control (Chapek medium). It has been proved that the maximum slowing of the germination processes, i.e. the greatest phytotoxic effect was caused by Fusarium sambucinum 2016, Penicillium variabile 16; Aspergillus fumigatus 2016. According to the studies, Fusarium oxysporum 206, Fusarium sambucinum 16, Penicillium lanosum 201, Trichothecium roseum 2016 slowed growth processes on average by 25.9–74.6 %.

Keywords: automycobiota, seeds, Scots pine, microorganism, variety.