International legal guarantees for the realization of human and citizen rights to environmental information
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/law2021.04.008Abstract
In the article considered guarantees of the right on access to ecological information fixed in international legal documents. Also made a research on state of implementation such international instruments in national Ukrainian legislation, separate legal instruments of realization the right to get ecological information. Made examples of successful defence of the broken right on access to ecological information.
In order to exercise the right to information, it is important not only to have the norms enshrined in the legislation, but also the system of guarantees and opportunities for their implementation, which should be provided by public authorities. International legal documents establish only general approaches to the protection of rights, and their further development and consolidation is undoubtedly entrusted to national authorities.
The analysis of the current national legislation allows to state that in general the international legal norms have found the reflection in national regulatory legal acts. However, over time, approaches to understanding environmental information, expanding its list, the subjects who have the right to receive it, so work in this direction should continue in order to increase the possibility of exercising the right of access to such information.
Keywords: ecolaw, right on access to ecological information, guarantees of right on access to ecological information, international guarantees of right on access to ecological information
References
Savenko, M. (1999). Zabezpechennia prav i svobod liudyny i hromadianyna ta yikh zakhyst orhanamy konstytutsiinoi yurysdyktsii. Pravo Ukrainy [Ensuring the rights and freedoms of man and citizen and their protection by the bodies of constitutional jurisdiction. Law of Ukraine], 2: 3–9 (in Ukrainian).
Bilozorov, Ye.V. (2009). Pravovi harantii zakhystu prav i svobod liudyny v Ukraini: realii ta problemy. Advokat [Legal guarantees for the protection of human rights and freedoms in Ukraine: realities and problems. Lawyer], 8: 26–30 (in Ukrainian).
Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy online [Dictionary of the Ukrainian language]. Tomy 1–10. Available at: https://services.ulif.org.ua (in Ukrainian).
Rabynovych, P.M. (2004). Prava liudyny i hromadianyna [Human and civil rights]. Kyiv: Ataka, 464 (in Ukrainian).
Kolodii, A.M. (2004). Prava liudyny i hromadianyna v Ukraini [Human and civil rights in Ukraine]. Kyiv: Khrinkom Inter, 336 (in Ukrainian).
Vytruk, N.V. (1964). O yurydycheskykh sredstvakh obespechenyia, realyzatsyy y okhrany prav sovetskykh hrazhdan. Pravovedenye [On the legal means of ensuring, implementing and protecting the rights of Soviet citizens. Jurisprudence], 4: 29–38 (in Ukrainian).
Rabinovych, P.M. (1997). Prava liudyny i hromadianyna u Konstytutsii Ukrainy (do interpretatsii vykhidnykh konstytutsiinykh polozhen) [Human and civil rights in the Constitution of Ukraine (before the interpretation of the original constitutional provisions)]. Kharkiv: Pravo, 64 (in Ukrainian).
Nova Konstytutsiia Ukrainy: Ohliad, komentari i tekst Osnovnoho Zakonu [New Constitution of Ukraine: Review, Comments and Text of the Basic Law] (1997) / Za red. V.F., Pohorilka. Kyiv: Pravova derzhava, 156.
Nedbailo, P.E. (1971). Systema yurydycheskykh harantyi prymenenyia sovetskykh pravovykh norm. Pravovedenye [The system of legal guarantees for the application of Soviet legal norms. Jurisprudence], 3: 49–53.
Mytskevych, A.V. (1963). O harantyiakh prav y svobod sovetskykh hrazhdan v obshchenarodnom sotsyalystycheskom hosudarstve. Sov. hos. y pravo [On guarantees of the rights and freedoms of Soviet citizens in the nationwide socialist state], 8: 24–33.
Vytruk, N.V. (1964). O yurydycheskykh sredstvakh obespechenyia, realyzatsyy y okhranы prav sovetskykh hrazhdan. Pravovedenye [On the legal means of ensuring, implementing and protecting the rights of Soviet citizens. Jurisprudence], 4: 29–38.
Nersesiants, V.S. (1990). Systema yurydycheskykh harantyi prav y svobod hrazhdan. Sotsyalystycheskoe pravovoe hosudarstvo: kontseptsyia y puty realyzatsyy [The system of legal guarantees of the rights and freedoms of citizens. Socialist rule of law: concept and ways of implementation]. Moskva: Yuryd. lyt., 60–65.
Zahalna deklaratsiia prav liudyny [Universal Declaration of Human Rights]. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_015 (in Ukrainian).
Vronska, H.O. (2020). Pytannia okhorony dovkillia v praktytsi YeSPL ta yikh vplyv na sudovu praktyku v Ukraini. Sudovo-yurydychna hazeta [Environmental issues in the practice of the ECtHR and their impact on judicial practice in Ukraine. Judicial and legal newspaper].Available at: https://bit.ly/3i0GRLN (in Ukrainian).
Deklaratsiia Konferentsii Orhanizatsii Obiednanykh Natsii z problem otochuiuchoho liudynu seredovyshcha [Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Environment]. Available at: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_454 (in Ukrainian).
Vsesvitnia Khartiia pryrody [World Charter of Nature]. Available at: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_453 (in Ukrainian).
Deklaratsiia Rio-de-Zhaneiro shchodo navkolyshnoho seredovyshcha ta rozvytku [Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/995_455 (in Ukrainian).
Konventsiia pro dostup do informatsii, uchast hromadskosti v protsesi pryiniattia rishen ta dostup do pravosuddia z pytan, shcho stosuiutsia dovkillia (Orkhuska konventsiia) [Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention)]. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov. ua/laws/main/994_015 (in Ukrainian).
Case of Guerra and Others v. Italy (zaiava № 14967/89, rishennia vid 19.02.1998). Available at: http://www.hrcr.org/safrica/environmental/guerra_italy (in English).
Sprava «Dubetska ta inshi v. Ukrainy» (zaiava № 30499/03, rishennia vid 10.02.2011). Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/974_689#Text (in Ukrainian).
Sprava «Hrymkovska v. Ukrainy» (zaiava № 38182/03, rishennia vid 21.07.2011). Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/974_729#Text (in Ukrainian).
Sprava «Dzemiuk v. Ukrainy» (zaiava № 42488/02, rishennia vid 04.09.2014). Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/974_a51#Text (in Ukrainian).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).