Public services: legal types and classifications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/law2019.03.015Abstract
The importance of considering the issue of public services is conditioned by the practical necessity of their effective provision to individuals and legal entities in the process of activity of public administration actors and the need to identify the essential features of these services and their classification. Currently, in legal literature, despite a large number of studies on public services, the theoretical aspects of public services (types, content, features, etc.) are not sufficiently explored, nor has a single approach been taken to the classification of these services.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical approaches to the study of content and the classification of public services and highlighting the importance of focusing attention provision of various public services by public administration actors.
Currently, the services provided by public authorities and local self-government bodies are: public, state, administrative, administrative, public and paid.
Public services are a complex phenomenon that constantly attracts the attention of scientists. A significant contribution to the doctrinal study of problematic issues of the provision of public services by various subjects of public administration was carried out by V. B. Averyanov, I. B. Koliushko, G. M. Pisarenko, M. V. Ryabenko, O.P. Svetlychnyj, V. M. Soroko, V.P. Tymoshchuk and others etc.
Among the broader definition of the concepts of different types of services provided by scientists, we share the opinion of I. B. Koliushka, because social services have all the features of public services. At the same time, we would like to emphasize that the criterion for their division (in contrast to public services) is not the entities that provide them, but the sector in which they are implemented. Thus, social services, along with public services, are public services and are provided at the same time by state and municipal organizations as well as non-governmental organizations.
In addition, we believe that in the time of the development of the information society, information activity plays an important role both in public services and in the subjects of their provision.
In spite of considerable attention to the study of the phenomenon of public services, in modern science of administrative law, there is a lack of scientific research on a single classification of public services. The considered classifications of public services allow us to conclude that scientists differentiate them from the position of legal significance of state services; from the standpoint of interest; in the areas of their implementation; on the initiative of individuals and legal entities, and services, the binding nature of which is established by law, etc. However, public services, public services, municipal services, administrative services, and utilities are often divided into public services, based on the features of the entity providing them, which implies further study of the specifics of public services provided by public administration actors.
Given the public significance of public services, based on doctrinal approaches and normative definitions, we provide an author's definition of this concept, which should be understood as meaning publicly significant and legally regulated activities of authorized public administration actors aimed at the realization of the rights, freedoms and legal interests of physical and legal entities.
Keywords: public services, signs, concept, classification, procedures, subjects of public administration
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