Reducing seed losses and fuel consumption in rapeseed harvest
Abstract
Abstract. Rapeseed harvesting starts in the Baltics as soon as seed moisture content decreases to 12%. While the variation in seed moisture content is not affected by short-term precipitation, prolonged precipitation leads to ca. 2% increase in the moisture content. 0.2 m high stubble of winter rapeseed accounts for the share of 49.87% in the total stem mass. Its moisture content is 10.39% higher than of the remaining share of the stem mass. Increase of the stubble height to 0.3 m leads to 15.52% reduction in the stem mass fed into a combine harvester, and 1.79% reduction in moisture content of the stem mass. In this case, fuel consumption per hectare of harvested rapeseed is lower by 2.74 l, and per ton of threshed seeds – by 0.27 l. Relationship between the rate of rapeseed feed into a combine harvester, shatter loss from straw separation and chaff cleaning, and fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds has been found. The rate limit of rapeseed feed into the combine harvester is reached, when fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds has stopped reducing, but shatter loss from straw separation and chaff cleaning is still within the tolerable range. In the case of winter rapeseed harvesting under processing conditions, fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds ranged from 2.5 to 6.5 l, while in the case of rational rate of rapeseed feed into the combine harvester, fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds reached 2.93±0.23 l.
Key words: combine harvesters, rapeseed, fuel consumption, grain loss, throughput.
Abstract. Rapeseed harvesting starts in the Baltics as soon as seed moisture content decreases to 12%. While the variation in seed moisture content is not affected by short-term precipitation, prolonged precipitation leads to ca. 2% increase in the moisture content. 0.2 m high stubble of winter rapeseed accounts for the share of 49.87% in the total stem mass. Its moisture content is 10.39% higher than of the remaining share of the stem mass. Increase of the stubble height to 0.3 m leads to 15.52% reduction in the stem mass fed into a combine harvester, and 1.79% reduction in moisture content of the stem mass. In this case, fuel consumption per hectare of harvested rapeseed is lower by 2.74 l, and per ton of threshed seeds – by 0.27 l. Relationship between the rate of rapeseed feed into a combine harvester, shatter loss from straw separation and chaff cleaning, and fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds has been found. The rate limit of rapeseed feed into the combine harvester is reached, when fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds has stopped reducing, but shatter loss from straw separation and chaff cleaning is still within the tolerable range. In the case of winter rapeseed harvesting under processing conditions, fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds ranged from 2.5 to 6.5 l, while in the case of rational rate of rapeseed feed into the combine harvester, fuel consumption per ton of threshed seeds reached 2.93±0.23 l.
Key words: combine harvesters, rapeseed, fuel consumption, grain loss, throughput.
References
Rathke, G.-W., Behrens, T., Diepenbrock W.(2006). Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yielg, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. Nr.117. 80-108.
Statistical yearbook of Lithania. (2013). 671.
Špokas, L. Velička, R., Rimkevičienė, M.,Marcinkevičienė R. (2005). Ripening dinamics and natural falling of spring rapeseed seeds. Agricultural Sciences. Nr. 3. 29-38. (in Lithania).
Špokas, L., Velička, A., Marcinkevičienė, R.,Domeika R. (2004). Optimierung des Erntezeitpunktes von Sommerraps durch die Sortenwahl. Die Bodenkultur. Bd. 55, H.3. 113-120. (in Germany).
Morgan, C. L., Bruce, D. M., Child, R.,Ladbrooke, Z. L., Arthur, A. E. (1998). Genetic variation for pod shatter resistance among lines of oilseed rapeseed developed from synthetic B. napus. Field crops Research Nr. 58. 153-165.
Šidlauskas, G., Bernotas, S. (2003). Some factorsaffecting seed yield of spring oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agronomy Research. Nr. 1(2). 229-243.
Pahkala, K., Sankari, H. (2001). Shatter loss as aresult of pod shatter in spring rapeseed and spring turnip rapeseed in Finland. Agrikultural and food scince in Finland. Vol. 10. 209-216.
Price, J., S., Hobson, R. N., Neale, M. A.,Bruce, D. M. (1996). Shatter losses in Commercial Harvesting of Oilseed Rape. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research. (65), 3. 183-191.
Rademacher, T. (2003). Methodology formeasuring of quality and loss-throughput behavior for combine harvesters under field conditions. VDI-MEG Kolloquium Landtechnik. Mähdrescher. 40, 83-94. (in Germany).
Rathke, G.-W., Behrens, T., Diepenbrock, W.(2006). Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yielg, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment (117), 80-108.
Reckleben, A. Y., Vosshenrich, H. H. (2008).Getreideernte durch den Hochschnitt [Grain harvest by the high cut]. Getreide. (13) 2: 108-109. (in Germany).
Statistical yearbook of Lithania, (2013), 671.
Šidlauskas, G. and Bernotas, S. (2003). Somefactors affecting seed yield of spring oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agronomy Research, 1 (2), 229-243.
Špokas, L., Velička, R., Rimkevičienė, M.,Marcinkevičienė, R. (2005). Ripening dinamics and natural falling of spring rapeseed seeds. Vilnius. Agricultural Sciences. Nr. 3, 29-38. (in Lithania).
Špokas, L., Velička, A., Marcinkevičienė, R.,Domeika, R. (2004). Optimization of the harvest time of summer rape by selection variety. Die Bodenkultur. Vienna. Bd. 55. H.3, 113-120. (in Germany).
Zimmer, R. and Košutič, S. (2006). Oil rapeseedseed harvesting season 2005 in Eastern Slavonia. Poljoprivredna tehnika. Agricultural engineering, 31 (3), 37-41. (in Slovenia).
Список літератури
Rathke, G.-W., Behrens, T., Diepenbrock W.Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yielg, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. Nr.117. 2006. P. 80–108.
Statistical yearbook of Lithania. 2013. 671 p.
Špokas, L. Velička, R., Rimkevičienė, M.,Marcinkevičienė R. Ripening dinamics and natural falling of spring rapeseed seeds. Agricultural Sciences. Nr. 3. 2005. P. 29–38.
Špokas, L., Velička, A., Marcinkevičienė, R.,Domeika R. Optimierung des Erntezeitpunktes von Sommerraps durch die Sortenwahl. Die Bodenkultur. Bd. 55, H.3. 2004. P. 113–120.
Morgan, C. L., Bruce, D. M., Child, R.,Ladbrooke, Z. L., Arthur, A. E. Genetic variation for pod shatter resistance among lines of oilseed rapeseed developed from synthetic B. napus. Field crops Research Nr. 58. 1998. P. 153–165.
Šidlauskas, G., Bernotas, S. Some factorsaffecting seed yield of spring oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agronomy Research. 2003. Nr. 1(2). P. 229–243.
Pahkala, K., Sankari, H. Shatter loss as a result ofpod shatter in spring rapeseed and spring turnip rapeseed in Finland. Agrikultural and food scince in Finland. 2001. Vol. 10. P. 209–216.
Price, J., S., Hobson, R. N., Neale, M. A.,Bruce, D. M. Shatter losses in Commercial Harvesting of Oilseed Rape. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research. 1996. (65), 3. P. 183–191.
Rademacher, T. Methodology for measuring ofquality and loss-throughput behavior for combine harvesters under field conditions. VDI-MEG Kolloquium Landtechnik. Mähdrescher. 2003. 40, P. 83–94.
Rathke, G.-W., Behrens, T., Diepenbrock, W.Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yielg, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 2006. 117. P. 80–108.
Reckleben, A. Y., Vosshenrich, H. H.Getreideernte durch den Hochschnitt [Grain harvest by the high cut]. Getreide. 2008. (13) 2. P. 108–109.
Statistical yearbook of Lithania, 2013, 671 p.
Šidlauskas, G. and Bernotas, S. Some factorsaffecting seed yield of spring oilseed rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agronomy Research, 2003. 1 (2), P. 229–243.
Špokas, L., Velička, R., Rimkevičienė, M.,Marcinkevičienė, R. Ripening dinamics and natural falling of spring rapeseed seeds. Vilnius. Agricultural Sciences. 2005. Nr. 3. P. 29–38.
Špokas, L., Velička, A., Marcinkevičienė, R.,Domeika, R. Optimization of the harvest time of summer rape by selection variety. Die Bodenkultur. Vienna. 2004. Bd. 55. H.3, P. 113–120.
Zimmer, R. and Košutič, S. Oil rapeseed seedharvesting season 2005 in Eastern Slavonia. Poljoprivredna tehnika. Agricultural engineering, 2006. 31 (3). P. 37–41
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