Аналіз обладнання для агропромислового виробництва дизельного біопалива

Abstract

UDC 620.92

ANALYSIS EQUIPMENT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BIODIESEL

M. Pavlenko

During the last time the development of equipment for the production of biodiesel engaged scientists NSC "Institute of mechanization and electrification of agricultural economy," National Agriculture University of Ukraine, Belotserkovsky State Agrarian University, Odessa State Agrarian University and others, which tried to improve equipment using different methods of mixing in the process of esterification, as will the better mixing, the better will be produced diesel biofuel. During the esterification, the following types of mixing, mechanical mixing, hydrodynamic and hydromechanical mixing.

For the agricultural production of biodiesel at the National Scientific Centre "Institute of mechanization and electrification of agricultural economy" was developed setting batch UVME 1000 production of 1000 l/h, in which mixing occurs through a framework mixer. The disadvantage of this installation is that during every technological operation used separate tank with pump.

In the installation batch UVME-1000 was developed continuous installation UB-TS-20 performance from 5 to 20 l/h, in which mixing occurs by passing the vegetable oil and potassium methylate through tubular esteryfikator.

However, this unit is designed for use in industrial production of biodiesel. The main drawback of this setup is too high cost of energy to overcome the hydraulic resistance tubular esteryfikatora.

In parallel, the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, led by Professor Dubrovin V.A., has developed an experimental plant for biodiesel production capacity of EKO-BIO 100 l/h on the basis of which was realized industrial plant LVBD-ECO-BIO capacity of 300 tons/year. These plants mixing is performed with a mechanical stirrer blade.

The disadvantage of this equipment so as to install the OM-1000 is used at each stage of production of fuel separate tanks with auxiliary equipment, in addition stirring is using blade mixers, which affects the process of esterification compared with the Framework stirrer, and this equipment is designed for industrial technology.

In addition, our scientists developed and patented reactor esteryfikator for mixing vegetable oil output of 50 l/h, in which the mixing is performed with hydromechanical mixer, which is due to the departure mixture of vegetable oil and methylate potassium nozzles, resulting in a reactive force that creates rotational movement of the agitator blades, which in turn carry further stirring the mixture. Thus, we have equipment with dual mixing the components by which provided high-quality mixing in the whole volume of the mixture. Due to the fact that the reactor has a sloping bottom and scrapers on the bottom, provides complete removal of sediment, which eventually defend thickens. This equipment can also be used for pre defending vegetable oil.

Production of biodiesel for the agro-industrial technology is very important direction. Among the equipment to produce biodiesel demand become the largest installations using hydro stirring to ensure that the basic technological stages and meet the needs of farmers. Although reserves the improvement of equipment for biodiesel production is fully exhausted.

������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������"Times New Roman";color:#222222;mso-fareast-language:RU'>Research results. The dependence of erosive wear contact materials on the number and size of dial-up positives current 10 pairs for the contact made with the same names and dissimilar materials in the table. Contact experienced pair of pure silver, silver - nickel pseudoalloys and diverse pairs silver ÷ silver - nickel pseudoalloys in which materials were alternately anode and cathode.
These results shows that all material is transferred from the cathode to the anode. With the increase of a Switching current number of positives and erosive wear of contact pairs increases.

Conclusions

1. Studied erosion resistance contacts based on silver in homogeneous and heterogeneous contact pairs when switching DC voltage 10 and 13 V.
2. Established that the durability of disparate contact pairs (anode - Ag, cathode - CH - 30) 2.5 ... 3 times higher than silver and 1.5 times higher than silver - nickel alloy.
3. The working surface of the cathode made of fine pseudoalloys CH - 30 wear during switching more evenly compared to silver.