Обґрунтування енерговитрат стадії подрібнення в технологіях виробництва біопалив
Abstract
JUSTIFICATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION DURING THE COMMINUTION STAGE IN THE TECHNOLOGIES OF BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
D.M. Korinchuk
Introduction. The traditional technology of biofuel production includes the stages of biomass comminution, drying and granulation. The comminution stage is an essential component of processing biomass into fuel. This stage determines the efficiency of the equipment of the following stages. Increasing the part of small fraction of 200 … 500 μm in the mixture allows increasing the productivity of drying equipment, which is associated with increasing the evaporation surface of biomass particles, and ensuring a high productivity of the granulator, increasing the number of contacts between particles of biomass during granulation.
The purpose of the study is to develop energy-efficient schemes of the comminution stage in biofuel production technologies.
Methods. The hypotheses of comminution are used to determine the energy consumption of the comminution stage. A series of studies of the process of comminuting pine wood with different humidity was carried out. It is determined that the costs for comminution to a specific fractional composition increase with increasing raw material humidity. This is due to an increase of elasticity factor of wood. The dependence of the degree of comminution and energy consumption on the time of staying the raw material in the crusher is obtained.
The applicability of the hypotheses of comminution of Rittinger, Kirpichev-Kick and Bond is investigated. A quantity of material , kg was accepted for comminuting in a hammer mill with an initial average size of particles , m with comminution to the final size , m, and the number of particles n to comminuting can be defined as , where ρ is raw material density. It is established that the Bond’s comminution hypothesis is as much as possible consistent with the dependences of the energy consumption for comminution obtained by experiment.
Results. As a result of the processing of the results, an empirical dependence of the specific work for comminution on the humidity of the raw material was obtained. The dependence can be used according to the Bond comminution hypothesis in the equation for calculating energy for pine wood comminution and analyzing comminution processes in biofuel production technologies: .
Conclusions. An energy analysis of the comminution stage with a hammer mill was carried out. It is shown that the energy consumption for comminution increases with increasing raw material humidity. It is recommended to use in the technological process two-stage comminution with an intermediate drying stage. That allows providing the maximum comminution rate for efficient operation of the granulator. Furthermore, using of a mill with smaller capacity in the second comminution stage for comminuting up to 30% of the raw material (by weight) to a size of 200 μm allows ensuring the maximum productivity of the production line and the high quality of the final product with minimal energy consumption for comminution stage.
References
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