Research of indexes of placement of seedlings of sugar beet for sowing seeds by mechanical and pneumatic seeders

Authors

  • M. P. Volokha , Institute of biopower crops and sugar beet of NAAS

Abstract

Abstract. The density of standing and uniform distribution of plants along the length of the linear the main factors of increasing the yield and sugar content in sugar beets. This has been proved since the 70s of the last century by the researches of domestic scientists of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet (Kyiv) and the All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar (Ramon, Voronezh region) and western European scientists.
The prerequisite for the uniformity of the stacking of beets is the uniformity of the intervals between the sown seeds, which is mainly provided by two factors. They are the perfection of the sowing machine and the field similarity of the seed, as close as possible to the laboratory condition.
In the 90's, sugar beet seed sown in Ukraine mainly by seeding machines of the mechanical type ССТ-12А and modernized ССТ-12Б and ССТ-12В of the designed by UkrNDISGOM (Kharkiv), Kirovogradsky PKI and Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet, and production of OJSC "Chervona zirka" (Kropivnitsky).
The SST-12V seed drill performs the granular fertilizers application simultaneously with sowing. In the complex with the feeder POM-630-1 it performs the introduction of a strip of liquid complex fertilizers or insecticides into the zone of lines. The use of the 18-row seeder ССТ-18В in comparison with the 12-line ССТ-12В allows shortening the seeding time. Due to these advantages, the 18-row and 24-row drills were developed in the Kirovohrad PCI. Now such seeding drills are exported to dozens of foreign countries.
However, the most common domestic beet seeder with mechanical seeding machines ССТ-12В at the moment does not withstand competition with pneumatic type drills both Western European and their analogs of domestic production.
The article presents the results of comparative field experimental studies of beet seeders of mechanical and pneumatic type on the parameters of seedlings placement accuracy.
Key words: sugar beet, seeding machine, seed, seed rate, ladder, seedling, coefficient of variation, germination ability.

References

Savich P. V., Palamarchuk V. I. The relationshipof seed distribution and placement of sugar beet. The mechanization and electrification of socialist agriculture. 1975. No 3. P. 13–16.

Palamarchuk V. I. How to determine the accuracyof seeding. Sugar beet. 1974. No 2. P. 19–22.

Palamarchuk V. I. Sowing on the final plantingdensity. When is it possible? Sugar beet. 1987. No 3. P. 19–21.

Makovetskiy O. A. Nature and influence degree ofvarious sizes of intervals between plants in a row on the yield of sugar beet. Collection of scientific papers of the All-Ukrainian Scientific Institute of Breeding “Improving the technology of growing sugar beet and farming systems in the areas of beet-growing”. 1978. P. 46–50.

Makovetskiy O. A. Plant density and uniformity.Sugar beet. 1983. No 6. P. 13–14.

Shapoval N. P. Uniform placement of plants andproductivity of beets. Sugar beet. 1985. No 3. P. 24–25.

Ma S. A. Calculation of optimal density anduniformity of placement of sugar beet plants. 1983. P. 53–54.

Zenin L. S. Precise sugar beet seeding. Sugar beet.2007. No 4. P. 14–18.

Kuryndin A. V. Improving the accuracy of sowingseeds of sugar beet seeder SST-12V Ph.D. Abstract Voronezh. 2005. 20 p.

Diepenbrock W., Fischbeck G., Heyland K.-U.,Knauer N. Spezieller Pflanzenbau. 3. Aufl. 1999. 523 p.

Brinkmann W. Zur Arbeitsqualitaet vonEinzelkornsaegeraeten und Zuck-erruebeerntemaschinen. Zucker 30. 2003. P. 396–404.

Shpaar D., Dreher D., Kalensʹka S., Zakharenko A.Sugar beets (growing, harvesting, storing). Kyiv. NNTS ÍAYe, 2005. 340 p.

Sinchenko V. M. Management of the productionprocess of sugar beet cultivation. Abstract Doc. of Agricultural Science, 2011. 40 p.

Voytyuk P. O., Volokha М. P. Productiontechnology – as a scientific and technical product. Machinery and technology of agroindustrial complex. 2010. No 8 (11). P. 26–29.

Volokha M. P. Benefits of the drill UPS-12.Sugar beet. 2003. No 3 (33). P. 22–23.

Volokha M. P. Speed of the seeder, seed rate andseed placement accuracy. Sugar beet. 1999. No 3. P. 12–13.

Savich, P. V., Palamarchuk, V. I. (1975). Therelationship of seed distribution and placement of sugar beet. The mechanization and electrification of socialist agriculture. No 3. 13-16.

Palamarchuk, V. I. (1974). How to determine theaccuracy of seeding. Sugar beet. No 2. 19-22.

Palamarchuk, V. I. (1987). Sowing on the finalplanting density. When is it possible? Sugar beet. No 3. 19-21.

Makovetskiy, O. A. (1978). Nature and influencedegree of various sizes of intervals between plants in a row on the yield of sugar beet. Collection of scientific papers of the All-Ukrainian Scientific Institute of Breeding “Improving the technology of growing sugar beet and farming systems in the areas of beet-growing”. 46-50.

Makovetskiy, O. A. (1983). Plant density anduniformity. Sugar beet. No 6. 13-14.

Shapoval, N. P. (1985). Uniform placement ofplants and productivity of beets. Sugar beet. No 3. 24-25.

Ma, S. A. (1983). Calculation of optimal densityand uniformity of placement of sugar beet plants. Mechanization and electrification of agriculture. No 6. 53-54.

Zenin, L. S. (2007). Precise sugar beet seeding.Sugar beet. No 4. 14-18.

Kuryndin, A. V. (2005). Improving the accuracy ofsowing seeds of sugar beet seeder SST-12V Ph.D. Abstract Voronezh. 20.

Diepenbrock, W., Fischbeck, G., Heyland, K.-U.,Knauer, N. (1999). Spezieller Pflanzenbau. 3. Aufl. 523.

Brinkmann, W. (2003). Zur Arbeitsqualitaet vonEinzelkornsaegeraeten und Zuck-erruebeerntemaschinen. Zucker 30. 396-404.

Shpaar, D., Dreher, D., Kalensʹka, S.,Zakharenko, A. (2005). Sugar beets (growing, harvesting, storing). Kyiv. NNTS ÍAYe, 340.

Sinchenko, V. M. (2011). Management of theproduction process of sugar beet cultivation. Abstract Doc. of Agricultural Science, 40.

Voytyuk, P. O., Volokha, М. P. (2010).Production technology – as a scientific and technical product. Machinery and technology of agroindustrial complex. No 8 (11). 26-29.

Volokha, M. P. (2003). Benefits of the drill UPS-12.Sugar beet. No 3 (33). 22-23.

Volokha, M. P. (1999). Speed of the seeder, seedrate and seed placement accuracy. Sugar beet. No 3. 12-13.

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Published

2019-01-24

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018)

Section

Статті

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