Establishment and organization of veterinary and sanitary supervision of kyiv in the late 19th and early 20th century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/ujvs2020.04.008Keywords:
Keywords, urban differences, veterinary and sanitary condition, difference business, control-trichinosis station, dairy businessAbstract
Abstract. Information on the formation of veterinary and sanitary supervision in Kyiv since the end of the XIX century is given. By 1888, there were 17 small private differences in Kyiv, scattered throughout the city. The differences were located in yards and dirty barns, where cattle were primitively slaughtered and did not attach importance to veterinary and sanitary supervision. These differences caused great dissatisfaction among the urban population and the Kyiv City Duma decided to close the existing differences and open urban differences, ie to form a regulated institution that would adhere to highly humane tasks, the responsibility for which relied on veterinarians.
To clarify the issues of veterinary and sanitary supervision on urban differences in 1899, a special subcommittee was appointed, the chairman of which was elected a member of the Sanitary Commission A.K. Stolpchevsky. The subcommittee was tasked with developing instructions for veterinarians responsible for the veterinary and sanitary situation in Kyiv City Differences, which was carried out by the Sanitary Commission. It was only in 1899 that purely veterinary supervision was separated from sanitary supervision. For the proper organization of veterinary and sanitary supervision, in 1909 mandatory regulations were introduced, which included the rules of arrangement and maintenance of differences. These resolutions introduced a uniform procedure in various cases.
In 1900, the city veterinarian MK Kobylyansky proposed to expand the veterinary staff in Kyiv and introduce a mandatory regulation on the maintenance of farms and dairy cattle. For the first time in 1901, according to the resolution of the Kyiv governor, in the village of Pushcha Vodytsya a koumiss-kefir institution began to function, which was under the supervision of veterinary and sanitary supervision. However, the resolution on the supervision of cowsheds, dairy farms, koumiss establishments and individual farms engaged in the sale of milk and dairy products in Kyiv was issued only in 1916.
Keywords: urban differences, veterinary and sanitary condition, difference business, control-trichinosis station, dairy business
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