VEGETATIVE MECHANISMS OF REGULATION OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM CONTENT IN THE BLOOD OF COWS DEPENDING ON THE SEASON
Abstract
The results of the influence of autonomic nervous system
(ANS) tone on the content of sodium and potassium in the blood of cows in
summer and winter are presented. The goal of the work was to establish
cortical mechanisms regulation of the sodium and potassium content in the
blood of cows depending on the season. According to the results of the study
of the ANS tone, 3 experimental groups were formed, 4 animals in each. The
first group included animals normotonics, the second – vagotonics, the third
one – sympatheticotonics. Materials for research were animals’ blood samples
obtained from the jugular vein. Blood sampling was performed twice in
summer and in winter. The iron content in the whole blood was determined by
atomic absorption spectrophotometry in a flame mode. The results of studies
indicated that the sodium content in the blood of cows of different ANS tones
in winter was higher than in the summer by 10.5–12.5% (p <0.001). In animals
sympatheticotonics the potassium content in the blood in the summer was
lower by 14.8% (p <0.05) compared with this index in animals normotonics.
The sodium to potassium ratio in the blood of cows sympatheticotonics in
summer was significantly lower by 20.2% (p <0.001) compared with this index
of cows normotonics. The content of sodium in the blood of cows normotonics
in winter was lower by 10.5% (p <0.05), and potassium is higher by 29.5% (p
<0.01) in accordance with these indices in the summer, as a result the sodium
to potassium ratio in the blood of these cows in winter was significantly lower
by 30.5% (p <0.001) compared with the indices in summer. The season has a
significant effect on the content as sodium (F = 154> FU = 4.41; p <0.001), so
potassium (F = 7.72> FU = 4.41; p <0.05) in the blood of cows, and their ratio
as well (F = 19.1> FU = 4.41; p <0.001). Prospects for further research are the
development of up-to-date methods and methods for correcting the trace
elements content in the blood of cows, taking into account the individual
characteristics of their nervous system.
Keywords: cows, autonomic nervous system, sodium, potassium,
normotonics, vagotonics, sympatheticotonics
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