Comparative anatomical research of muscles of some unbounded birds hip area.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/ujvs2019.02.024Abstract
The thesis about the need to practice the morphology of animals,in unity wigh
the specific conditions of their existence has become obvious for morphologists for a long time.
This approach allows us to understand the process of evolutionary development of the joints
components of birds,which were formed us a result of adaptations to a certain type of support
and method of movement.
The formation of vertebral joints,including birds,is due to various factors,in paticular,such
as:body weight,way and speed of movement,change in environment and mode of existance.No
less important in this ptocess is the type of support and method of locomotion.Columna,finger
and phalangorous types of support are characteristic for terrestrial vertebrate.Birds are exclu-
sively fingertips.However,finger digging is a common fesignation,but it is very different among
different species of birds.For example,birds can be long-fingered and short-fingered.We consid-
ered it expedient to allocate short-flown and long-flown birds too.In addition,the fingers can be
joined by a septum(honeys,pelicans and others),this septum may be as short(gill-formes,cranber-
ry-formes,falcon-formes) and fingers may have skin glands that,when converging to the fingers,-
from a dwarf limb (some cranbwrry-formes).
It has also been astablidhed that,in addition to these factors,the direction of muscle activity
has a significant influence on the formation of articular surface.
In the area of the thigh and the hip joint there is a series of mudcles:the caudslilio-swivel,the
cranial ilio-swivel,the external ilio-swivel,the internal ilio-femoral,ilio-femoral,sciato-femoral,the
medial obturatus,the tail-femoral,the external sciato-fdmoral,deep sciato-femoral,pubic -scia-
to-femoral,the obturato-femoral,the ventral sciato-femoral.The degree of development of these
nuscles relative to the total weight if the body of the studied species of birds is not tha same as
it varies from 0.1 up to 1.8 %.
Keywords: birds, biomorphology, hip joint,muscles, african ostrich, rhea, emu
References
Baumel J. J., King A. S., Lucas A. M., eds. (1979). Nomina Anatomica Avium. London: Acad. Press., 637.
Bock W. J. (1974). The avian skeletal muscular system. Avian Biology. London: Acad. Press.,Vol. 4., 119 – 257.
Gadow H., Selenka Е. (1891). Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs. Anatomischer Theil. Leipzig: Vögel. 1., Bd. 6., 1008.
Fürbringer M. (1888). Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Systematik der Vögel. Amsterdam, Jena: 175.
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