Scientific and industrial journal "Land management, cadastre and land monitoring"
ISSN 2518-7325 (online), ISSN 2306-1677 (print) The topic is dedicated to the development of fundamental and applied research in economic science, strengthening the influence of the economy on the solution of legal, political, social, environmental and other problems of social development, Ukraine's integration into international economic alliances. State Registration: Media ID R30-02300. Decision of the National Council of Ukraine on Television and Radio Broadcasting dated December 21, 2023 No. 1795, Protocol No. 31. Education and science of Ukraine (Category "B"): Order No. 157 of February 9, 2021 (economic sciences, 051 specialty), Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine Order No. 735 of June 29, 2021 (technical sciences, 193 specialty). Language: Ukrainian, English. The journal is included and indexed in the following international bibliographic databases: <a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2518-7325?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%222306-1677%22%2C%222518-7325%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22created_date%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D">DOAJ , Index Copernicus, Ulrichsweb, CrossRef, ResearchBib, EBSCO Publishing, AGRIS, EuroPub, DRJI, PBN , JournalTOCs, WorldCat, Google Scholar, MIAR, BASE, EZB, SIS.
Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Application of artificial intelligence neural networks in photogrammetric processing of digital data
The article examines the impact of artificial intelligence neural network algorithms on the process of photogrammetric processing of digital images and the formation of dense point clouds. It is noted that the integration of machine learning algorithms, in particular deep learning, allows you to automate key processing stages, increase the accuracy of object classification, optimize geometric correction of images and improve the quality of final geospatial products in the form of an orthophotomap of the area. The main stages of the photogrammetric process are described: from collecting primary data to forming orthophotomaps and three-dimensional terrain models. Particular attention is paid to the role of the neural network in improving the density of the point cloud due to the correct interpretation of points on digital images, object classification and reducing the influence of the human factor. The challenges associated with the need for large volumes of high-quality training data are identified. The prospects for the application of AI neural networks in photogrammetry and the need for further research in this direction are substantiated. Keywords: neural network, artificial intelligence, photogrammetry, machine learning, point cloud, orthophotomap, 3D model, digital image. The article considers the impact of artificial intelligence neural network algorithms on the process of photogrammetric processing of digital images and the formation of dense point clouds. It is noted that the integration of machine learning algorithms, in particular deep learning, allows you to automate key processing stages, increase the accuracy of object classification, optimize geometric correction of images and improve the quality of final geospatial products in the form of an orthophotomap of the terrain. The main stages of the photogrammetric process are described: from collecting primary data to forming orthophotomaps and three-dimensional terrain models. Particular attention is paid to the role of the neural network in improving the density of the point cloud due to the correct interpretation of points on digital images, object classification and reducing the influence of the human factor. The challenges associated with the need for large volumes of high-quality training data are identified. The prospects for the application of artificial intelligence neural networks in photogrammetry and the need for further research in this direction are substantiated. Keywords: neural network, artificial intelligence, photogrammetry, machine learning, point cloud, orthophotomap, 3D model, digital image.
Geoinformation technologies for modeling the state of geosystems
Copyright (c) 2025 Землеустрій, кадастр і моніторинг земель https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ontology of boundaries in contemporary land management: from geometry to regimes of rights and values
The paper reconceptualizes the boundary in contemporary land management as an institutional–regime category that transcends the geometric view of a dividing line. Drawing on comparative-historical and institutional analysis, deontic modeling, and formal ontologization via LADM, it substantiates a shift from a material-geometric to a regime-based ontology of space, where the boundary operates as an event-relation constituting rights, restrictions, liabilities, and rent flows. Four structural levels—material, legal, informational, and ecological—are identified, and their supervenient couplings are explicated, showing how procedural and data validity causally ground the legitimacy of spatial regimes. The paper formulates principles of boundary ontological design (constitutiveness of procedure, multimodality, adaptability, quality metrics, compatibility and priorities, value transparency) enabling the integration of legal norms, spatial data, and land-value governance mechanisms. Practical relevance includes a transition from a “registry of lines” to a dynamic regime model of space for cadastral and planning systems, improving decision quality, reducing conflicts, and enabling transparent value sharing. The study positions itself as a contribution to the formation of land management theory as a foundational discipline and outlines follow-up work on regime formalization, GeoBIM integration, and legitimacy assessment procedures. Keywords: boundary; spatial ontology; land management; LADM; institutional regimes; rights and restrictions; 3D/4D cadastre; interoperability; value capture; spatial governance.
Land relations and current problems of land reform
On the rules for developing working land management projects for the removal and transfer of fertile soilComprehensive approach to planning, assessment and implementation of top soil removal works: from regulations to evidence-based practices of land management
Scientific and methodological approaches to the development of land protection measures in modern land management documentation are proposed. The article considers modern requirements for the development of working land management projects for the removal and transfer of the fertile soil layer in accordance with the regulatory framework of Ukraine. The main tasks of such projects are outlined, including ensuring the rational use and preservation of soil fertility, minimizing the negative consequences of economic activity and restoring disturbed lands. An analysis of key indicators that determine the feasibility of removing and storing soil layers is carried out: humus content, acidity, exchangeable sodium content and granulometric composition. It is shown that compliance with these parameters is an important factor in environmental safety and sustainable development of agricultural production. The content of land management working projects includes design tasks, an explanatory note, a description of natural conditions, the results of soil and geodetic surveys, design decisions for determining a set of land protection measures, plans for agricultural soil groups and calculations of the estimated cost of work. Such a structure ensures the scientific validity of decisions and the practical effectiveness of their implementation. The article summarizes current knowledge and practices in the field of land management, offering a comprehensive approach to the development of land management working projects. The proposed rules and recommendations can serve as a basis for specialists engaged in land management, agronomy and ecology. Keywords: land protection, land management, land improvement, land management, land management documentation, topsoil removal, land management working project.
Designing water protection zones using GIS tools
The regulatory and legal principles of designing water protection zones and their role in protecting the natural environment, determining the boundaries of coastal protection strips and the influence of relief on the size of restriction zones are analyzed. The territory of the Kamianopotokivska territorial community in the Kremenchuk district of the Poltava region is studied. The water bodies in the study area were classified, and the normative values of coastal protection strips were determined based on their sizes, in accordance with current legislation requirements. Based on open data on the relief of the territory, slopes were calculated and doubling of coastal protection strips within slopes exceeding 3 degrees was provided. A geospatial dynamic model for designing water protection zones, taking into account legislative norms and terrain and their impact on activities, has been developed. The model was created and tested using the Model Builder software module in ArcGIS Pro. As a result of the study, the geospatial model was applied to the collected input data and water protection zones were designed within the study area. The territories were identified and analyzed, the ownership rights of which are encumbered in accordance with the designed water protection zones. This model is dynamic and suitable for use for production purposes at the local level (within territorial communities). Key words: water protection zone; coastal protective strip; territorial community; water bodies; design of water protection zones; GIS technologies; geoinformation systems.
Designing a conceptual model of the geospatial database for hazardous animal burial sites affected by anthrax
The article presents the author's approach to the systematization and accumulation of geospatial and attributive data on dangerous burials of animals that died from anthrax. Anthrax is a zoonotic disease, the spores of which can remain viable in the soil for decades, posing a potential threat. Burials of animals not carried out in biothermal pits (mainly before 1954) do not provide an adequate level of safety. In the event of a shift in the soil cover, spores can reach the surface and cause new cases of the disease among wild and domestic animals, as well as infection of people. A significant part of such burials does not have clearly established boundaries of land plots and established regimes of limited use of adjacent territories, which complicates control over their condition. As part of the study, the available geospatial and attributive data on dangerous burials were structured, and a conceptual model of a geospatial database was developed, which ensures the accumulation, structuring, and systematization of data. The model is built using UML notation and is presented in the form of a class diagram that reflects the main structural elements of the database and their attributes. The results obtained can be used to create a physical model of a geospatial database for the registration (register) of lands with dangerous burials of animals that died from anthrax, as well as for the further development of the monitoring system, planning of sanitary and protective measures, establishing regimes of limited land use, etc. Keywords: geospatial database, conceptual model, anthrax.
Digital agronomy: smart decision-support workflow for climate‑resilient farming in the Kyiv agglomeration
Rapid metropolitan growth is reshaping agrarian viability in peri-urban regions. Using the Kyiv agglomeration as a data-rich testbed, this study couples a modular UAV–AI decision-support workflow with empirical constraints emerging from land use, labour markets, logistics, and land rents. Regional evidence shows agricultural land has been squeezed to 0.21% of the area (≈0.18 k ha), against >54% green zones; wage differentials (16,500 UAH food processing vs 14,000 UAH agriculture) and transport costs of 20–250 UAH/km undermine farm margins and labour retention, while prime‑zone rents up to 25 million UAH/ha/year intensify conversion pressure (Kyiv & oblast baseline tables and figures). These structural frictions motivate digital agronomy that is explicitly policy‑ and cost-aware. We therefore prototype a decision-support workflow that fuses UAV/satellite imagery, in-field IoT, and historical climate/crop data with administrative‑economic layers (rents, wage gradients, haulage costs). The system translates multisource inputs into actionable stress detection, irrigation timing, and input allocation recommendations. At the same time, a logistics module evaluates route/vehicle choices under peri-urban cost profiles—a stakeholder‑co-design process (farmers, processors, and planners) anchors usability and transferability. We report (1) the peri-urban baseline for Kyiv (land, wages, logistics, enterprise distribution), (2) the architecture of the UAV–AI workflow and integration points with farm CRMs and public agri‑data, and (3) an evaluation framework linking agronomic KPIs to spatial‑economic constraints for resilient adoption. The approach is designed for cross-border replication (Ukraine - Germany) and to inform respectable policy outputs on digital land management and peri-urban agrifood resilience. Keywords: precision agriculture, digital agronomy, UAV, AI decision support, peri-urban farming, land use change, logistics costs, Kyiv agglomeration, resilience, policy integration.
Application of GIS technologies to assess the impact on the surrounding environment of the location of wind power plants using the example of "Polonina Runa" of the Turye-Remetivskaya ah community
In the current context of renewable energy development, the most important task is to minimize the environmental impact of wind farms (WPPs) on the environment. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) allows for effective analysis and modeling of the impact of WPP placement, taking into account environmental, landscape, climatic and social factors. The article considers the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to assess the environmental impact of the location of a wind farm (WPP) on the territory of the "Polonyna Runa" tract of the Turye-Remetivka territorial community. The study involves the collection and processing of spatial data, including relief, wind speed and direction, the presence of protected areas and habitats of sensitive flora and fauna. GIS will be used to analyze visual and noise impacts, assess risks to biodiversity and public health, and model alternative siting options. The assessment results contribute to making informed decisions regarding the choice of a location for wind power plants, reducing negative environmental impact and ensuring a balance between the development of green energy and the preservation of the natural environment. Keywords: wind energy, environmental impact assessment, geographic information systems, spatial planning, sustainable development of territories, renewable energy sources, decarbonization, CO2 emissions.
Overcoming the Soviet Legacy in Land Surveying and Topographic-Geodetic Activities in Ukraine: Terminological Unification, Reframing of Scope and Institutional Integration
The article develops an integrated framework for overcoming post-Soviet inertia in the interaction between land management and topographic–geodetic activities in Ukraine. It demonstrates that the Soviet educational–professional tradition narrowed geodesy to measurement-centric engineering practices while marginalizing the European understanding of land management as a project- and law-driven activity that designs boundaries and regimes of land use with direct legal consequences. Drawing on international frameworks (FIG, CLGE, INSPIRE, LADM), current Ukrainian legislation, and the author’s long-term observation of professional debates on social media, the study substantiates: (1) the need for terminological unification (surveyor as a generic term, with clear distinctions between land/cadastral surveyor and engineering/topographic surveyor; geodesist is not a synonym for surveyor); (2) a reframing of functional roles whereby topographic–geodetic work is an infrastructural instrument enabling value creation across other sectors, whereas land management directly creates new real-estate objects and planning structures and governs asset value through RRR (rights–restrictions–responsibilities) approaches; and (3) institutional integration of data and processes based on INSPIRE/LADM semantic models. The paper identifies structural drivers of the perceived “crisis” after 1991—namely, the sharp decline of state demand for “centralized geodesy” and the technological automation of measurements (GNSS, satellite and aerial imagery, UAVs, GIS). It proposes the modernization of higher education under specialty G18 (“Geodesy and Land Management”) via interdisciplinary curricula (geodesy × land management × cadastre × spatial planning × real-estate valuation), the adoption of semantic data models and ethics with procedures ensuring public trust in boundaries, and sustained professional communication as a mechanism to eliminate legacy, Soviet-rooted conflicts between communities. Keywords: land management; geodesy; topographic-geodetic activities; cadastre; boundaries; RRR (rights-restrictions-responsibilities); INSPIRE; LADM; terminology harmonization; professional qualifications; NSDI; institutional integration; spatial planning; real-estate valuation.
Topographic and Geodetic and Сartographic Support in Land Management
RRR (rights-restrictions-responsibilities)
Copyright (c) 2025 Землеустрій, кадастр і моніторинг земель
Fair value of land capital: methodical approaches and scenario modeling
The article examines the principles of forming the fair value of land capital under the conditions of profound transformations in Ukraine’s agricultural sector. It demonstrates that traditional approaches to land valuation no longer meet current challenges, as they fail to account for environmental threats, institutional changes, and risks associated with military actions. The author substantiates the feasibility of applying the fair value concept as a more flexible and adaptive approach suited to present-day realities. A modified model for determining the value of land capital based on net present value is proposed, which integrates the following factors: the share of land plots withdrawn from cultivation, annual net operating or rental income, losses due to demining and soil contamination (expenses or lost income), state compensations, discount rate, and risk premium. Scenario modeling was used to present several possible development trajectories—optimistic, pessimistic, pragmatic, and one excluding the effects of war. The results indicate that the speed of land resource recovery, the scope of state support, and the efficiency of managerial decisions are the key determinants for maintaining the economic potential of land capital. The developed methodological framework can be applied both for decision-making at the level of agricultural enterprises and territorial communities, as well as for improving state land policy in the context of post-war recovery. Keywords: land capital, fair value, market value, net present value, risk premium, discount rate, rental income, state compensations, humanitarian demining, soil contamination, post-war recovery, agricultural sector, land valuation, scenario modeling, investment attractiveness of land.
Rational use of agricultural lands: monitoring the humus balance across crop rotations
Sustainable land use cannot be achieved without deliberate efforts to preserve and restore soil fertility, with the humus status serving as its key indicator. The challenge of maintaining a stable humus balance has become particularly pressing under the dominance of short-rotation crop sequences in the agricultural practice of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The absence of systematic monitoring of soil organic matter complicates the prediction of agroecosystem productivity and threatens the degradation of chernozems, the country’s most valuable agricultural resource. This study aimed to assess the performance of different short-rotation crop rotations under conditions of complete fertilizer exclusion, to quantify their effects on the humus balance, and to identify the most suitable model for long-term land use. The methodological framework was based on humus balance calculations in a five-field rotation with winter rapeseed and sunflower, conducted during 2020–2024. The results indicated that technical crops generated a negative humus balance (–0.28 t/ha and –0.77 t/ha, respectively), with the most severe deficit observed after bare fallow (–1.46 t/ha). In contrast, cereals contributed to partial restoration of humus reserves (up to +0.21 t/ha and +0.08 t/ha), while the highest positive effect was obtained from green fallow (+1.14 t/ha). The overall balance per rotation amounted to –2.22 t/ha in the first sequence and +0.38 t/ha in the second. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating green fallow into crop rotations as a natural source of organic matter, essential for sustaining chernozem fertility and ensuring the resilience of agricultural production in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: southern chernozems, humus, biomass, balance, short-rotation crop rotation, cover crops.
Improving Approaches to Determining the Maximum Area of Land Parcels Under Existing Buildings and Structures
The article substantiates directions for improving the methodological framework for forming state- and municipal-owned land parcels on which buildings and structures are located. A methodology is proposed for delineating such state and municipal land parcels that, in the course of parcel formation, explicitly accounts for the functional (land-use) designation, the technical specifications of buildings and structures, and their location in relation to other immovable property, red lines (street right-of-way lines), public-use areas and facilities, water bodies, territories and assets of the nature reserve fund, cultural heritage sites, and other objects that impose special land-use regimes. It is proposed to establish a unified, quantitatively measurable approach to determining the permissible boundaries of these parcels through two interrelated parameters—the width of a basic service strip and a special adjustment coefficient for each class of buildings and structures. The proposed approach to forming state- and municipal-owned land parcels hosting buildings and structures will, overall, simplify the work of compilers of land management documentation by relying on a single set of quantitative parameters. At the same time, it will reduce instances of transferring excessive land areas without competitive bidding and accordingly increase the supply of land on the competitive market. Keywords: land parcel formation, functional (land-use) designation, building codes.
Geodetic support in the construction of residential, industrial and transport facilities
Geoinformation mapping of the soil cover and land adjacent to the Burshtyn TPP, and recommendations for their environmentally balanced use
Today, an important task for Ukraine is to assess the condition of land damaged and contaminated by military operations and to restore it. The use of geographic information systems and comprehensive analytical methods has repeatedly proven its effectiveness. In this study, GIS technologies are used to map the condition of land around the Burshtyn Thermal Power Plant in order to study the anthropogenic load on it. Based on remote sensing data, namely satellite images, analytical cartographic sources and scientific publications, thematic maps have been constructed, namely a soil map, three maps of soil contamination with heavy metals (copper, lead, cobalt), and a land map. These maps were developed in the QGIS environment and designed in accordance with standards. Within the zone of influence of the Burshtyn TPP, various types of soils have been identified that react differently to anthropogenic load. Analysis of the spatial distribution of heavy metals has made it possible to clearly identify areas of pollutant accumulation. This will allow for the formation of environmentally safe land use. The results of the study can be used for environmental zoning planning, degraded land management, and the development of sustainable development programmes after the Burshtyn TPP ceases operations. Keywords: Burshtyn TPP, ecology, land condition, soils, GIS technologies, cartography, anthropogenic load.
Refined algorithm for calculating area distortion adjustments of geospatial objects in geodetic projections
Area, as one of the fundamental geometric parameters of land parcels, is a key factor in land management, land cadaster, land taxation, and related fields. The geodetic area should ideally be determined on the surface of the reference ellipsoid; however, in engineering practice, it is usually calculated from the coordinates of turning points in the Gauss-Krüger projection. The influence of projection is approximately accounted for by introducing a correction to the computed area value derived from rectangular coordinates. At the same time, the geodetic area may differ significantly from its approximate value. There are no exact (closed-form) formulas to calculate the areas of arbitrary parcels on the ellipsoid surface based on the geodetic coordinates of turning points. Therefore, the most accurate values of geodetic areas of geospatial objects are obtained by numerical methods, including those used in geographic information systems. A simpler method of determining “undistorted” land parcel areas relies on equal-area geodetic projections. This study employs the Sanson, Gauss-Krüger and Cassini projections. For the Gauss-Krüger and Cassini projections, algorithms are provided for calculating corrections based on the ordinate of the parcel’s centroid and the ordinates of all turning points. The accuracy of the proposed algorithms has been analyzed using mathematical modeling. Key words: geodetic area, geodetic projections, area distortion, correction to calculated area.
Microsoft solutions framework (MSF) as a generalized methodology of the framework appoach to spatial information systems handling
In the article “Framework approach as a strategy for research and design of complex spatial information systems (using the example of NGDI)” the names of its three possible interpretations are formulated. The first of them – as a specific constructive strategy for using geographic information systems and technologies (GIS&T) to manage the territory of Ukraine - considered there also. This paper explores the second interpretation of the Framework Approach – as a generalization of the methodology for SpIS handling. The notion of “generalized methodology” is at the same “epistemological” level of the hierarchy of notions as the notion of “constructive strategy”. To consider this correspondence, the notion of “meta X” is used, where X takes the values necessary for this work. From a theoretical viewpoint, the main attention paid to the notion of “meta-research” and its component - the notion of “meta-methodology”. From a practical viewpoint, the main attention paid to the notions “methodology” and “meta-methodology”, known since the end of the last century as the Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF, versions 1.0 – 4.0). Moreover, such understandings of “generalized methodology” selected that correspond to the notion of “meta-methodology” in the context of the Framework Approach to SpIS handling. Paying due respect to the origin of the term “Solutions Framework (SoFr)”, the consideration of the generalized methodology (or generalization of methodologies) begins with a reminder of version 2.0 of the MSF methodology, to all versions of which the abbreviation M SoFr (Microsoft SoFr) is applied. Such a notation makes it logical to ask about the similarities between M SoFr and the previously considered X(Y) SoFr, such as GeoSF (GeoSolutions Framework) or AtlasSF (Atlas Solutions Framework). Some of these similarities discussed in the article. At the turn of the century, the MSF 2.0 methodology consisted of six Microsoft models (solutions), some of which we used in practice: 1) enterprise architecture, 2) project team, 3) risk management, 4) application development process, 5) design process, 6) enterprise application. All of them described in the MCSD70-100 exam using the example of a hypothetical application that was relevant at that time. Then the MSF 2.0 methodology generalized, so that MSF version 4.0 included two methodologies: MSF for Agile Software Development (MSF4ASD) and MSF for CMMI Process Improvement (MSF4CMMI). There are sources in which the mentioned constructs called approaches. The following relations are valid: 1) MSF4ASD ↑ MSF 4.0, 2) MSF 4.0 ↓ MSF4CMMI. The relation ↑ is epistemological, and the relation ↓ is reductive. The ↑↓ relations are supplemented by inclusion relations: MSF 4.0 = MSF4ASD ∪ MSF4CMMI. Updating MSF 4.0 and presenting it with a modern generalization of the methodology for SpIS handling is necessary for the possible reduction from it of currently practically useful methodologies. In particular, built using modern Microsoft products, open source products, including our “extension methodology”, as well as others. Formally, the MSF notion is not currently being developed and the methodological constructs of MSF are hypothetical, however, the phenomenon of MSF itself actually exists, is developing and is used. The actual now MSF version in this article is interpreted as a meta-methodology, from which, by reduction (specification or specialization), it is possible to obtain the methodology for SpIS handling, necessary for practice and including actual Microsoft information technologies. The renewal of our interest to Microsoft solutions and technologies explained not only by their usefulness, but also by the more than ten-year strategy of their gradual openning by the parent (author) company. Due to this fact, by reduction (one or two) from the MSF meta-methodology, we expect to obtain our “extension methodology”. The more traditional name of the latter is Pattern-Based Spatial Engineering (PBSE) due to the fact that it is now being created as Model-Based Software Engineering. The latter will be Model-Based Systems Engineering. Keywords: generalized methodology for SpIS handling, MSF methodology and meta-methodology, Pattern-Based Spatial Engineering (PBSE).
generalized methodology for SpIS handling
Pattern-Based Spatial Engineering (PBSE)
Geodetic support for monitoring changes in the land use structure of Ukraine during the period of russian armed aggression and post-conflict recovery
This article examines the geodetic support for monitoring land use changes in Ukraine during the war and post-war periods, which is a key element of national security, economic development, and social stability. The purpose of the article is to present an analysis of the current state and future development prospects of geodetic support for monitoring land resources. The research employs a comprehensive approach, including an analysis of scientific publications and practical examples of geodetic technologies used to monitor land use changes during armed conflict and the post-war reconstruction of Ukrainian territories. The practical research was based on land use in the Bilokrynytsia territorial community in the Rivne region. The study explores the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), remote sensing (RS), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which enable near real-time detection of land use changes and the effective use of geospatial data for decision-making. Special attention is given to LiDAR technologies that enable the creation of high-precision three-dimensional models of the Earth's surface and the identification of degradation processes, particularly in geographically complex environments. Hybrid positioning is discussed as well, integrating various data sources (satellite, radio frequency, inertial sensors, visual data) to enhance accuracy and reliability, especially under conditions of limited visibility or satellite signal blockage. The study emphasizes that the processing and interpretation of geodetic data includes preprocessing, spatial localization, GIS analysis and modeling, and the generation of cartographic materials. The practical significance lies in providing objective and up-to-date data for making informed decisions on land use, spatial planning, and emergency response. It is concluded that further research is needed to improve the use of digital technologies, automate data collection, and integrate various sources into GIS systems for reliable land use change monitoring during both active hostilities and reconstruction phases. Keywords: geodetic support, monitoring, land use, war, post-war period, GIS, GNSS, UAV, remote sensing.
The current status and efficiency of the use of land resources in Odessa region
Effective and rational use of land resources is of paramount importance for the agricultural economy both at the level of individual enterprises and on a national scale. The paper examines the state and efficiency of land resources use in Odessa region in terms of natural agricultural zones. It was determined that in the structure of agricultural lands of the region, the largest part is arable land - 80.25%. An analysis of the dynamics of land resources of the region and the dynamics of the efficiency of their use by natural indicators we conducted. The results obtained indicate the dynamics of growth of areas under winter wheat, rapeseed and sunflower, and the stability of corn and barley crops was established. It is worth noting that in most cases the increase in gross harvest occurred due to an increase in sown areas. For a more detailed analysis, the level of sunflower yield we investigated in terms of administrative districts in relation to natural agricultural zones. The results obtained indicate that the lowest level of yield is observed in the Steppe arid zone, which is explained by arid conditions. Based on the analysis, a set of measures for optimizing land use is proposed, aimed at increasing the efficiency of land resource use in the region. Keywords: land resources, cadastre, efficiency of use, natural agricultural zone, yield, geospatial data infrastructure, land reclamation, land management, productivity, agricultural lands, optimization of use.
Organization of the ugid LLC "Korostyshivzeminvest" of the Horodske starostyn district of the Zhytomyr region
According to current legislation, the highest priority among all lands belongs to agricultural lands. This category is extremely important due to the use of land resources to provide society with food. Today, the largest share of land plots is in the private sector, used by individuals and legal entities. Quite often, lands are used contrary to their natural characteristics and intended purpose. As a result, the quality of agricultural lands, their natural fertility, water and wind erosion, etc., significantly decrease. In order to avoid such negative consequences of irrational land use, it is advisable to organize lands based on the justification of design decisions. Land organization was carried out for LLC "Korostyshivzeminvest" of the Gorodsky Starostynsky District of Zhytomyr Region. In general, the territory of the farm is characterized by a temperate continental climate with sufficient moisture supply and optimal temperature indicators. Taking into account the relief of the land use area and the distribution by agricultural subgroups of soils, a five-field field crop rotation was proposed with the following crops: winter wheat; corn, winter rapeseed; spring cereals (barley, wheat); corn; soybeans. The cultivation of these crops is expected to result in a positive humus balance and its growth compared to the pre-project state (+627,7 kg/ha). Keywords: land, improvement, economy, design solution, humus balance.
Anthropogenic change of landscapes due to amber extraction and measures for their restoration
This research article discusses the problems of anthropogenic landscape change as a result of amber extraction and substantiates measures to restore them. Amber extraction is an important economic process, but it causes significant disruption to natural ecosystems and landscapes. Uncontrolled extraction leads to soil degradation, landform changes, loss of biodiversity and disruption of the hydrological regime of the territories. The article presents an analysis of the environmental consequences of illegal amber extraction and its impact on the landscapes of Polissia. In particular, the process of quarrying, destruction of vegetation and formation of new erosive landforms is considered. The article considers the aspects of detecting changes in the landscape of the studied territory using Sentinel multispectral satellite images of medium spatial resolution in the dynamics of time periods. The cost of restoration of disturbed lands in the model territory by means of reclamation of disturbed lands is calculated. Based on the analysis, a set of measures for reclamation of disturbed territories is proposed. The main focus is on ecological restoration of land through reclamation, planting of autochthonous plant species and restoration of the natural water balance. The importance of scientifically sound planning of reclamation works to ensure the sustainability of natural ecosystems in the post-mining period is also substantiated. The developed recommendations are aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the region by restoring natural landscapes and improving the environmental situation. Implementation of the proposed measures will help minimise the negative impacts of amber mining and ensure the rational use of land resources in the future. Key words: land protection, land management, land reclamation, land management, land improvement, amber mining.
Scientific and methodological approaches to land management for organization of organic farming in Ukraine
The study focused on scientific and methodological approaches to land management in the context of organizing organic agriculture in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the formation of a systematic approach to ecologically balanced land use and its harmonization with the requirements for certification of organic products according to international standards, in particular, the regulations of the European Union. The author identifies the components of land management, including: selection of suitable land plots in compliance with environmental safety criteria; creation of buffer zones to prevent pollution from the outside; minimization of the impact of neighbouring farms engaged in traditional agriculture; spatial zoning; rational placement of crops and livestock facilities. Approaches to the formation of crop rotations based on scientifically based crop rotation, the use of perennial grasses and green manure crops to restore soil fertility and improve the ecological balance within an organic farm are considered. Particular attention is paid to the use of innovative technologies, such as geographic information systems and remote monitoring, which contribute to the efficiency of management decisions. The author substantiates the importance of continuous monitoring of soil conditions, compliance with environmental standards, certification and implementation of product origin tracking systems as a prerequisite for transparency and quality assurance. Key words: organic agriculture, land management, land use organization, soil protection, environmental safety, sustainable development, certification of organic products, buffer zones.
Scientific and methodological approaches to the classification of land affected by military actions in Ukraine
Abstract. The focus is placed on the necessity of classifying lands and land parcels affected by military actions in Ukraine and establishing restrictions on their use. The study identifies the fragmented nature of legal regulation and the absence of a comprehensive approach to determining the legal regime of lands impacted by warfare. A synthesis of scientific literature on land classification has served as the foundation for developing the theoretical framework of a classifier for war-affected lands. The historical experience of managing war-affected lands is analyzed through the examples of the French Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany, which rely on scientific approaches to classifying damaged territories and guiding their recovery. The importance of establishing a classification system for lands affected by military actions is emphasized as a critical component in designing effective strategies for their rehabilitation. A classification system for war-affected lands is proposed, comprising five main categories: physically disturbed lands, littered lands, contaminated lands, mined lands, and lands with mixed contamination and debris. A detailed structure of the classifier is presented, describing the types and subtypes of affected lands, classification levels based on damage severity, the complexity of reclamation, and restrictions on future land use. The proposed classifier structure takes into account all relevant criteria and contributes to the development of effective measures for land restoration. Key words: classification of damaged lands, war-damaged land classifier, military actions, land resources, land reclamation, contaminated lands, mined areas, land use restrictions, littered lands, land restoration, post-war recovery, land condition assessment, land resource management.
classification of damaged lands, war-damaged land classifier, military actions, land resources, land reclamation, contaminated lands, mined areas, land use restrictions, littered lands, land restoration, post-war recovery, land condition assessment, land resource management.
Analysis of the development of renewable energy resources in the transcarpathian region in the context of balanced development of territorial communities
Abstract. This article analyzes the current state of the potential of renewable energy resources in the Transcarpathian region. The main problems of the use of renewable energy resources by territorial communities of the region are identified and the main problems that hinder the construction of new renewable energy (RE) facilities are clarified. In order to determine the strategic directions of development of balanced environmental management of territorial communities and the prospects for the development of renewable energy resources of Transcarpathian region, up-to-date information on the development of the unique potential of renewable energy resources (RER) is updated as of mid-2024. Taking into account the inexpediency of resuming the operation of the Burshtynska TPP, which provided the energy needs of Transcarpathia, the prospects and importance of accelerating the achievement of the goals of self-energy supply of Transcarpathia and sustainable development in the long term by activating the development of the existing unique RE potential are considered. Given the significant destruction of the Unified Energy System (UES) facilities by the Russian occupiers, on 13 of August 2024, the government approved the National Action Plan for Renewable Energy until 2030, which provides for accelerating the diversification, decarbonization, decentralization and security of the Unified Energy System, commissioning 24 GW of green energy generating capacities, and achieving a 27% share of its share in total electricity consumption. This requires the construction of 6,1 GW of wind power, 12,2 GW of solar power, 4,7 GW of hydropower, 876 MW of bioenergy, and 40 MW of geothermal energy. In the current realities of martial law, this must be done quickly, reliably, and rationally in terms of financial costs and environmental protection. Therefore, to achieve the above indicators, it is important to develop available renewable energy resources (RER) in all regions of Ukraine, which, due to their spatial distribution and proximity to consumers, will strengthen the stability of the unified energy system (UES). Key words: green energy, geothermal energy, solar energy, small hydropower, wind energy, ecology, sustainable development of territories, decarbonization, energy self-sufficiency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Scientific and industrial journal "Land management, cadastre and land monitoring"
Framework approach as a strategy for research and design of complex spatial information systems (Using the example of NGDI)
The so-called Framework approach to the research and design of complex spatial information systems (SpIS) is considered. An example of such a SpIS is the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure (NGDI) of Ukraine in the sense documented as of the end of 2024 in the Law of Ukraine and in the Terms of Reference for the geoportal. Due to the ambiguity of the term, it is advisable to consider the approach from three points of view (interpretations). In this paper, attention is paid to one of these three points of view - the approach as a strategy. This strategy, as well as the Framework approach itself, are called constructive, because they are based on the so-called Conceptual Framework and Solutions Framework (SoFr) of the SpIS. According to the authors, the proposed strategy will solve the most important problem of the NGDI today - the actual lack of a strategy. In addition, the Framework approach will help solve the three biggest problems of the NGDI today: product, process and expertise (quality control). In the domains of NGDI and NSII (National Spatial Information Infrastructure) and in their contexts, the most important are three points of view (interpretations) on the Framework approach: 1) as a specific constructive strategy for using geographic information systems and technologies (GIS&T) to manage the territory of Ukraine; 2) as a generalization of the methodology for dealing with SpIS such as NGDI and NSII; 3) as a γ-method, which is denoted by γSoFr, where γ means general, and which “works” at the level (stratum) of IGIM (Integrated Geospatial Information Framework) for Ukraine. The limitations of the article allow us to dwell in more detail only on the consideration of the first interpretation. The second and third interpretations are only formulated for general understanding and with the expectation of sufficiency for conscious planning of the NGDI project. One of the concretizations of the Framework approach is the so-called “AtlasSF Framework Approach”. It is a generalization of the AtlasSF method and tool (Atlas Solutions Framework), which were previously used to create (classical) Atlas systems (AtS). The AtlasSF Framework approach is a hierarchy of three homogeneous Solutions Framework (SoFr) methods. They are called General (γ), Conceptual (β) and Application (α) SoFr, respectively, and are combined into a hierarchical system (model) - Conceptual Framework of the subject X, where X, in addition to AtS, can take the values of NGDI or NSII. The Framework approach in the NGDI project is proposed to be used as follows. The first problem – the product – is solved by harmonizing the model of the existing NSII of Ukraine with the INSPIRE model. To make this proposal constructive, the concept of Atlas GIS (AGIS, AGIS-CH) and the currently known implementations of its parts, proven in solving Cultural Heritage problems, are recommended for describing the necessary systems. The second problem – process – is solved by using the AtlasSF Framework approach. The specifics are the application of the γ-, β-, and α- SoFr methods of this approach. The not yet created γSoFr method should be a meta-method of βSoFr, working at the level (stratum) to which the IGIF projection for Ukraine belongs. The IGIF projection includes the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) and its subset NGDI, βSoFr is an update of the GeoSolutions Framework, and αSoFr is the current revision of AtlasSF1.0+. The third problem – expertise (quality control) of key solutions – is solved by using the V-model of development, in which validation and verification of solutions must be immediately consistent with the requirements and architecture. In addition, the use of architectural patterns (frameworks) is a “native” property of the pattern. Otherwise, the pattern cannot be a “typical solution to a typical problem”. Keywords: Atlas Geoinformation System (AGIS), AtlasSF Framework approach, NGDI, NSDI, NSpAI, NSII, IGIF, INSPIRE.
Problems of agricultural production in the context of european integration processes
The article studies problems of Ukraine in the sphere of agricultural production within the framework of the European integration process. The state of agrarian production potential and the land fund of Ukraine is assessed. The indicators of agro-industrial production of agricultural products in Ukraine and its separate region (Kirovograd region) are described. A comparative analysis of the number of economic entities, volumes of crop and livestock production for 2021 (pre-war period) and 2022 (post-war period) in the context of Ukraine and Kirovohrad region based on the materials of the State Statistics Service is carried out to assess Ukraine's capabilities and competitiveness in the foreign market. The article describes the problems of the decline in agricultural production and estimates the losses of agricultural production since the beginning of the full-scale invasion. The article analyses Ukraine's foreign trade with the EU countries and Ukraine's actions on the way to European integration. The state of agricultural land in Kirovohrad region is assessed, the main negative factors of agricultural development of the territories in the pre-war period are described. The ways to restore agricultural land as a result of the existing problems are described. The state of the soil cover affected by the hostilities is assessed. The principles and requirements for exporting products to the EU market are described. The problems of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the production of products for the foreign market are analyzed and the measures to be taken to join the European Union are described. The article analyses the prospects that the European Union receives from Ukraine's membership and the prospects of Ukraine if it is granted the status of a member of the European Union. The necessity of accelerating Ukraine's European integration process is substantiated. Key words: agricultural production, agricultural products, agricultural land, European integration processes.
Analysis of the distribution of land resources within the village of Bazaryanka Tuzlivska rural community Belgorod-Dnistrovsky district Odesa region by types of designated use
Land is one of the main resources of the state, and effective land management affects the development of both the country as a whole and its individual territories. An important aspect of this process is the optimization of land use, which contributes to their rational distribution, increased productivity and balanced development of territories. The study of the division of land into categories, determination of their intended purpose and establishment of their form of ownership is of constant relevance in the field of land law. Not only the efficiency of land use, but also compliance with legal regulations, environmental safety and rational land use depend on the correct classification of land. The structure of the land fund of Bazaryanka village is dominated by agricultural land, with a total area of 814,40 ha. They are distributed as follows: 511,78 ha are arable land, 34,52 ha are pastures, and 268,10 ha are allocated for perennial plantations. Non-agricultural land occupies a relatively smaller share of 36,04 ha, which includes land under farm roads and runs (18,74 ha), shelterbelts (15,52 ha), and farm buildings and yards (1,78 ha). An analysis of land resources was carried out, which allowed to determine their distribution by ownership, among which the largest area is occupied by private land (823,37 ha). Keywords: designated purpose, land resources, agricultural land, forms of ownership.
Conceptual model of land use administration in warfare: challenges, solutions and prospects for recovery
The article examines key aspects of land use administration in conditions of military operations and the challenges facing local governments, state and military structures in terms of land resource management, as well as the prospects for land restoration after the end of hostilities. A conceptual model that encompasses legal, informational and organizational mechanisms for ensuring effective land management, protecting the rights of land owners, planning for territorial development, protectionism of individual territories to protect strategically important or vulnerable territories from uncontrolled use of resources, destruction or other threats aimed at protecting individual regions or territories from external influences, controlling strategically important territories and restoring land potential after the end of the conflict is proposed. The paper focuses on the importance of integrating digital information from the state land cadastre to identify the boundaries of occupied or liberated territories and adapting the legal framework to martial law conditions. The need for coordination between military, civilian, and international actors to ensure effective land administration in wartime and post-war recovery is discussed. The model offers a balanced approach to territorial development and long-term sustainability of land management, focused on sustainable development after the end of hostilities. Key words: land use administration, land cadastre, martial law, land restoration, legal regulation, information systems integration, territorial management, strategic resources, land management.
Copyright (c) 2024 Scientific and industrial journal "Land management, cadastre and land monitoring"
Ecological and economic profile of cities: on the way to sustainable development
Ecology has become an urgent global problem for modern metropolises. Cities seek to balance their economic growth and preserve the state of the environment. One of the programs that more and more cities are implementing at the municipal level is the sustainable development program (based on the Paris Climate Agreement). This study presents cities' environmental and economic profiles through the prism of their economy. The main focus of the work is on waste management, reducing harmful emissions, and increasing the economic development of cities. The principles of integration of a modern green city were worked out and analyzed to determine the optimal strategies for its development. Such a strategy should synchronize the economic activities of the city with the goals of the sustainable development program. A study has been carried out using a multi-disciplinary approach to collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data on the life of cities. With the help of statistical modeling, general social and economic indicators were assessed, and the results of the calculation of important environmental data were presented. Among the data processed, we can highlight the general programs of urban budget expenditures, waste management indicators, and emission profiles. The following three cities were selected to conduct the study and test the results: Kyiv, Paris, and New York. The information on the leading socio-economic indicators of their development was analyzed. The authors considered the norms of the current legislation related to cities' ecology and land use. This made it possible to provide an assessment of the implementations and plans of sustainable development programs. This will allow us to further assess the impact of the sustainable development program until 2035 on the current (annual) level of economic development. Based on the studies, the selected cities successfully implemented sustainable development programs based on the climate agreement in stages. Green areas are expanding in selected cities, and investment in development programs and support for the renewable energy initiative continues. It can be confidently stated that at the local level, harmful emissions have been reduced, and the effectiveness of waste management programs has been increased. For example, Paris and New York allocate significant portions of their budgets to sustainability programs, demonstrating effective alignment between investments in environmental conservation programs and the sustainability of economic development. Despite limited resources, the city of Kyiv is demonstrating progress in modernizing waste disposal systems and adopting EU environmental regulations. The economic development of cities can harmonize harmoniously with implementing environmental programs. First, this is due to targeted investment programs and the adaptation of new urban programs related to the environment. In the future, it is advisable to develop mechanisms of cooperation between municipal authorities, public organizations, and private businesses to solve environmental problems and overcome the negative impact of their consequences. This makes it possible to create a roadmap for effective city management. Such city development programs will improve their environmental and economic profiles, supporting the global pursuit of sustainable development. Keywords: urban economic, green city, waste management, harmful emissions, economic development.
On the prospects of land consolidation in Ukraine
Abstracts. The article deals with the topical issue of land consolidation in Ukraine as a tool for improving the efficiency of land use and ensuring sustainable development of rural areas. The author analyses the current state of land resources, problems of their fragmentation and irrational use that have arisen as a result of land relations reform. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory and legal aspects of land consolidation, identification of the main obstacles to its implementation and development prospects in the context of decentralisation. The main stages and procedures of consolidation, its impact on the economic, environmental and social aspects of the functioning of territories are highlighted. The article offers recommendations for improving the organisational and legal support of the consolidation process, introducing modern land management tools and involving communities in planning and implementing land consolidation measures. The results of the study can be used to prepare land management projects, as well as in shaping state policy in the field of land management. Keywords: land consolidation, land resources, land management, efficient land use, protection of agricultural land, land management.
Methodology and results of creating 3D models of historical and cultural objects using a smartphone equipped with a LiDAR scanner
The article highlights the methodology and results of creating 3D models of historical, cultural and scientific heritage objects of Ukraine using the technology of photographing the studied objects using a smartphone equipped with a LiDAR scanner.As a research object, on the example of which the suitability of a smartphone equipped with a LiDAR scanner for performing surveying work, processing a point cloud of the obtained information about the research object and creating 3D models of the historical, cultural and scientific heritage of Ukraine was tested, the Soil Museum named after Prof. M. M. Godlin, located in the auditorium No. 53 and in the lobby on the third floor of the educational building No. 2 of the NUBiP of Ukraine, was chosen. Its exposition includes more than 200 soil monoliths, selected in various natural zones of Ukraine over the more than 100-year period of the museum's operation. Given the high scientific and didactic value of this object, it was decided to create its digital 3D model.To implement this task, a schematic diagram (algorithm) was first developed for performing surveying work using a smartphone with a LiDAR scanner and processing the resulting point cloud that reflects the contours of scanned objects. This algorithm is the basis for a substantiated methodology for creating 3D models of objects of historical, cultural and scientific heritage of Ukraine.In the design of mobile devices, LiDAR technology first appeared on rear cameras in 2020 with the release of the iPad Pro and iPhone 12 Pro/iPhone 12 Pro Max. LiDAR is used in them to determine the distances from the camera to the objects under study using laser radiation. Using a smartphone equipped with a LiDAR scanner, the main exhibition of the Soil Museum was photographed using the Polycam program.In the course of further work, based on the point cloud created during the 3D lidar scanning of the Soil Museum, a digital 3D model of the soil monoliths exposition of this object was built (using such software tools as Auto CAD, PIX4D, 3D MAX, Blender).The result of the work performed is a 3D model of the soil monoliths exposition of the Soil Museum, located in auditorium 53 of the second academic building of the NUBiP of Ukraine. At the final stage of the research, the results obtained were verified by comparing the linear dimensions of the stands, determined using a tape measure directly in the Museum, and these same indicators displayed on the 3D model. The error in measuring the linear parameters of the exposition using LiDAR did not exceed 3.10%, i.e. it is acceptable.The created version of the 3D model of the soil monoliths exhibition of the Soil Museum of the National University of Sciences of Ukraine can be used for both educational and popularization purposes. Keywords: LiDAR scanner, Polycam software, smartphone 3D shooting, 3D model, 3D scanning, point cloud.
Modern digital technologies in land management systems
Modern development of society is impossible without effective management of natural resources, among which land resources play a key role. Land is the basis of economic activity, a source of food security and an integral element of ecological balance. In this regard, there is a need to improve land management systems, especially in the context of the rapid development of digital technologies and the globalisation of information processes. The use of digital technologies, such as geographic information systems, remote sensing, big data and blockchain, creates new opportunities for effective monitoring, analysis and forecasting of land use changes. These tools help to ensure transparency of cadastral records, reduce the risks of abuse in land relations, and increase the accuracy and speed of management decision-making. At the same time, there is a growing demand for the integration of such technologies into management systems, which requires scientific justification and practical implementation. In the face of growing challenges related to urbanisation, climate change and land degradation, digital technologies are an important tool for supporting sustainable development. In Ukraine, where a significant portion of land resources is in a state of environmental hazard and management systems often remain outdated, the introduction of modern digital solutions is not only promising but also urgent. Thus, this article focuses on the current issues of integrating digital technologies into land management systems, which is essential for increasing their efficiency, transparency and sustainability. This study is aimed at identifying new approaches to solving land use problems adapted to modern challenges and needs of society. Key words: digital technologies, geographic information systems, remote sensing, land management, sustainable development.
Public-private partnership: opportunities for Ukraine
The urgent necessity to reform the state sector of economy, to recover infrastructural objects, to attract foreign investments to Ukrainian economy, and to establish socially focused economy substantiates the great importance of development of the partnership relations between the public and private individuals (public-private partnership). Efficiency of such relations mainly depends on efficiency of legal regulation and development of organizational-economic structure. According to the law of Ukraine “About state-private partnership”, which principally regulates that kind of cooperation, the appropriate mechanism expects cooperation between the public, territorial (state partners) and legal (except for the state and communal enterprises) or private individuals, i.e. entrepreneurs (private partners). Focus of the mechanism on cooperation with territorial communities actualizes it because of a fast move of the power decentralization reform in Ukraine. At the level of a separate territorial community, practical application of any form of PPP requires from the representatives of local power to master legal, economic, social-communicative skills for initiation of the partnership (introduction of proposals and analysis of efficiency of the proposed projects), choice of private partners (one or several) and making agreements with them. Within such partnership, bodies of the state power or local self-government transfer a share of their authorities to a private partner (single or a group of them). Thus, private partnership (an individual or an enterprise) is responsible for implementation of the project, which aims at solution of some social-economic or ecological problems of the territorial community. Key words: economic mechanism, point of development stagnation, public-private partnership, rural territories, synergetic effect.