Yield capacity and quality indicators of winter wheat depending on systems of basic treatment of soil and fertilizer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.03.042Keywords:
winter wheat, tillage, soil, fertilizers, grain qualityAbstract
The influence of the application of different systems of primary tillage (plowing, shallow tillage without overturning, deep tillage without overturning) and fertilizer levels on the yield and quality indicators of winter wheat grain is studied. Studies have shown that in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, systematic tillage without overturning increases the yield and quality of winter wheat grain at all levels of fertilizer compared to traditional plowing with overturning. The application of organic and mineral fertilizers on typical chornozem positively affects the yield of winter wheat, increasing it compared to control by 0.28-0.84 t/ha for plowing, by 0.36-1.26 t/ha for deep tillage without overturning, and 0.4-1.55 t/ha for shallow tillage without overturning. It was revealed that the highest crop yield (4.72 t/ha) was obtained with shallow cultivation of the soil against the background of organic-mineral fertilizer with the use of manure, and with deep tillage without overturning this indicator was only 3% lower. In general, the protein and gluten content on the fertilized variants corresponded to the quality standards of strong, and in the control - valuable wheat. The highest quality indicators of winter wheat grains were noted in the variant with traditional organic-mineral fertilizer (manure + NPK) under shallow tillage: protein content was 15.5% and gluten content – 31.9%, which corresponds to the first quality group.References
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