THE VEGETATION EAST ASIAN KIND OF RHODODENDRON L. UNDER KIEV

Анотація

The climate change and introduced plants range expanding cause a permanent relevance of seasonal rhythms studying.

The goal of the research is related with necessity to analyze the seasonal rhythms East Asian rhododendrons in Kyiv and their acclimatization process importance.

The objects of the research – forty five East Asian species and cultivars of Rhododendron L. genus, that introduced in theA.V.FominBotanical Garden in Kyiv. Phenological observations were carried out according to “Methodology for phenological observations in the botanical gardens of theUSSR”.

Based on phenological researches, main phenological East Asian species groups of the Rhododendron L. genus were identified by us:

1. EE – early start, early finish – 9 species (20%) (Rh. augustinii, Rh. desquamatum, Rh. fastigiatum, Rh. fortunei, Rh.keleticum, Rh. metternichii, Rh. orbiculare, Rh. racemosum, Rh. souliei);
2. EL – early start, late finish – 23 species (51% ) (Rh. albrechtii, Rh. ambiguum, Rh. amesiae, Rh. dauricum, Rh. davidsonianum, Rh. japonicum, Rh. ledebourii, Rh. micranthum, Rh. molle, Rh. mucronulatum, Rh. mucronulatum v. ciliatum, Rh. mucronulatum v. pentamerum, Rh. obtusum, Rh. obtusum 'Album', Rh. obtusum 'Amoeum', Rh. obtusum 'Hinodegiri', Rh. poukhanense, Rh. quinque-folium, Rh. rubiginosum, Rh. searsiae, Rh. schlippenbachii, Rh. sichоtense, Rh. simsii, Rh. yedoense);
3. LE – late start, early finish – 10 species (22%) (Rh. brachycarpum, Rh. clementinae, Rh. cuneatum, Rh. decorum, Rh. discolor, Rh. fargesii, Rh. insigne, Rh. sutchuenense, Rh. wardii, Rh. williamsianum);
4. LL – late start, late finish – 3 species (7%) (Rh. impeditum, Rh. oreotrephes, Rh. wardii).

Analysis of the species seasonal rhythms in Kyiv revealed the temporal offset in phenological phases offensive compared with the growth in natural species. The beginning and the flow fenofaz in Far Eastern species are vary considerably. The beginning of the growing season for some species inKievbegines earlier than in theFar East. This can be explained by higher temperatures in early spring inKievas compared with a cold and lingering spring within the natural range or a northern region of introduction.

Monitoring the East Asian group of the Rhododendron L. genus inKiev revealed significant ecological amplitude of these species that allows them to grow in various botanical and geographic areas.