SOYBEAN PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE AND ITS FORECAST IN PROSPECT

Анотація

Indicators of soybean production in Ukraine are analyzed. Harvested area under soya has increased from 60.6 thsd. ha in 2000 to 1412.4 thsd. ha in 2012; gross harvest has increased from 64.4 thsd. t in 2000 to 2410.2 thsd t in 2012. The main factors in the increase of soybean production have become introducing modern growing technologies and a good selection of varieties and hybrids of the culture. In 2012 the agricultural enterprises produced 94.8% of the total volume of produced soybean whereas the households – 5.2%.

The economic efficiency of soybean production in agricultural enterprises (including farms) ofUkrainefor 2012 is analyzed. Profitability of soybean production of enterprises located in the steppe zone was 25.8%, in the forest-steppe zone – 23.5% and in the Polissya zone – 18.9%. According to statistical data of 2010 - 2012 years authors developed mathematical models of demand and supply on the soybean market inUkraine. Analysis of the models allows determining optimal demand and supply for soybean on prospects. The methods of economic substantiation of program of soybean production in agricultural enterprises ofUkrainefor 2016 are presented. Results of researches show that on the sown area of 1324.0 thsd. ha and an average yield of 2.06 t/ha enterprises ofUkrainecan produce 2772.8 thsd. t of soybean in 2016.

For obtaining the planned harvest of soybean in 2016 agricultural enterprises will have need in fertilizers worth 1080.6 mln UAH, fuel – 1028.4 mln UAH. The total need of cash funds will be 7633.5 mln UAH. Total costs for soybean production in agricultural enterprises ofUkrainewill amount to 8133.2 mln UAH. Profitability of soybean production of enterprises ofUkraineon the whole will amount to 28.4%.