The reasoning of the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya2018.04.099Abstract
The purpose of research – substantiation of the operational efficiency of sewage treatment systems and methods of its use in production.
Materials and methods of research. This is primarily due to the significant interdependence of quality indicators of runoff and constant stochastic changes in the parameters of production technology; with the measurement taking from several tens of minutes to several hours, even days (oxygen bio-consumption, Coli-index). In the case of volumes of hazardous industrial discharges from 500 m3/day to 10 000 m3/day, inefficiencies and long-term measurements, in terms of environmental safety, are unacceptable - especially in the context of the potential impact of unusual situations (US) on production and, accordingly, volley increases in the values of pollutants and / or wastewater costs.
The situation is complicated by the lack of or low accuracy and speed of modern means of automatic measurement of water composition (there are temperature, pressure, turbidity, flow rates, pH, oxidation, chlorine content, ionic composition). That is, in reality, it is not possible to operate a water treatment system in real time based on modern measuring instruments, as there will be one of the negative scenarios:
1. Insufficient water purification and pollution of the environment;
2. Inappropriate use (over-utilization) of resources (electricity, reagents, etc.).
In such the layout, the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning makes it possible to set up industrial water treatment systems that use the following basic methods:
- biological: through the calculation of supply by the compressor of oxygen and known parameters of its oxidizing action on organic pollutants;
- physical: evaluating the filtration through the sorption filter;
- chemical: by establishing the degree of oxidation in oxidants and the efficiency of coagulation in the reactor vessel;
- physico-chemical: assessing the work of the electrolyzer-pH correction and oxidizing agents.
Accordingly, the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning can be used to correct the dependencies of the normative documents, implementing the object-oriented concept of designing water treatment systems on the basis of, for example, methods of dominant dynamic pollutant (DDP) and cross-pollutant impacts (CPI). Recalculation from energy consumption indicators is performed in accordance with the dependencies SNiP 2.04.03-85 "Design of sewage treatment facilities" and other basic studies.
In the proposed scheme, the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning performs the tasks:
- priority treatment of wastewater (part of the treated water no more than 1% of the total volume) with the choice of effective regimes for the operation of the main treatment facilities;
- constant correction (adaptation) of the modes of the main treatment plants by comparing the quality of the effluents upon their exit with the quality of the waste after passing (processing) the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning.
Conclusions
1. Based on modern instrumental means it is practically impossible in real time to operate a water treatment system based on modern means of measuring techniques, as there will be either poor water purification and pollution of the environment or inappropriate use of resources (electricity, reagents, etc.).
2. The grounded and created the working measure efficiency electrotechnological water cleaning allows to provide designing and real-time use of combined wastewater treatment systems of multipurpose objects.
Key words: electrotechnological complex, ecological safety, measurement, working conditions, unpredictability, water purification
References
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