Justification for the use of electrotechnological complexes for operating control of anthropogenous load, created by industrial industrial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya2019.05.074Abstract
Abstract. It is determined that the main sources of pollutants into water bodies are: domestic, industrial and agricultural enterprises. Their influence is expressed in increasing concentrations of nutrients, organic compounds, surfactants, oil products, phenols, etc. It is estimated that the negative impact is enhanced by the non-stationary and multi-factor nature of natural-technogenic processes, and no mathematical apparatus has been developed that could adequately predict the place of occurrence and the nature of the consequences of potential emergencies associated with the discharge of wastewater of an uncontrolled composition. The schemes for the selection of pollutants in the creation of modern approaches to the assessment of anthropogenic load are analyzed. It has been identified that it is more appropriate to apply for an operational (in real time) analysis of the anthropogenic load when industrial wastewater is discharged, the analytical dependence of which takes into account the effectiveness of the treatment facilities by calculating the anthropogenic load indicator with the integration of an assessment of water treatment efficiency.It is used the analytical dependence of the study of energy efficiency parameters as basic electrotechnical criterion, the conversion of which yields relative indicators of pollutant removal efficiency. The operational testing of the operational risk analysis of the detected anthropogenic load (discharge of untreated wastewater) of the electrotechnological complex (a virtual measure of energy efficiency of water treatment) according to the expression of the indicator's assessment took place at meat processing and small metallurgy enterprises. It was established that the investigated enterprises create a significant anthropogenic load on surface water (all control samples were in a “at risk” state), while adjusting the equipment according to the task of reducing such pressure made it possible to significantly remove the negative impact on water bodies; at the same time, it was only possible to achieve a “no risk” state systematically only at a metallurgical facility, but in the case of a meat processing production, due to very significant changes in the nature of production, the anthropogenic impact indicators were only three times in the “risk free” zone.
Key words: electrotechnological water treatment, energy efficiency, environmental safety, anthropogenic load, waste water, surface water
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