ВІКОВІ ДЕРЕВА МИКУЛИНЕЦЬКОГО ПАРКУ ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Анотація

THE OLD TREES OF MYKULYNTSI PARK IN TERNOPIL REGION

Ancient parks, inventory dendroflora, phytosanitary condition of tree plantation, old trees

Green environment fully manifests merits only with a proper phytosanitary condition, support of which requires timely care. Unfortunately, such measures are rarely carried out in most of the Ukrainian Parks. This leads to the degradation of ancient parks.

Ancient parks belong to a special level of garden and park facilities because besides the ecological functions they carry huge cultural and historical, artistic and aesthetic sense. Major carriers of such values of old parks are trees-patriarchs.

Palace and park complexes were massively created throughout the history around the dwellings of those in power, near monasteries and castles. Many of them have valuable scientific, reserved and historical significance. The palace and park complex in the village Mykulyntsi is one of them. Now here is situated Regional physiotherapeutic rehabilitation hospital of Mykulyntsi.

The stability of phytocoenosis is defined by the state of plants. Valuation techniques of such a state should fix the current state and monitor the dynamics of such changes. The improvement of the state of green plantations is possible when using scientifically based recommendations.

The aim of research was to assess the state and make the inventory of green plantations of the old park of Regional physiotherapeutic rehabilitation hospital of Mykulyntsi. Special attention is paid to the assessment of old trees for their further conservation and recovery.

Materials and methods of research. Investigation and inventorying were performed in compliance with "Instructions for technical inventorying of green planting in cities and towns of Ukraine". The species composition of green planting, age and height of tree, trunk diameter, phytosanitary and life condition were analyzed during the investigation. Detailed examination of green planting was conducted in autumn and spring.

As a result of studies it was found that 32 species of trees grow in the park. The main species of the first tier are Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer platanoides L., Tilia cordata Mill., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Betula pendula Roth.. The species of the second tier are Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC, Sorbus aucuparia L., Carpinus betulus L., Acer campestre L., Padus serotina (Ehrh.), Juniperus communis L. and other trees and bushes. The majority of trees (41.6% of plants) is classified as a state of “good” category, 21.6% of the trees corresponds to “satisfactory” category, and “unsatisfactory” – 36.8%. Thus, more than a third of the trees are in urgent need of taking health measures or cutting, it means that park plantings are under threat and require immediate care.

The following species differ by the most effective life state: Larix decidua Mill., Thuja occidentalis L., Pinus sylvestris L., Abies alba Mill.), Juniperus sp., Quercus robur L. etc. There are relatively few sick and drying up plants among such species as Betula pendula Roth. and Acer campestre L.. Fraxinus excelsior L., Ulmus glabra Huds. and Рісеа abies (L.) Karst. came up resistant. Tilia cordata Mill., Acer platanoides L., Carpinus betulus L. were strongly affected by diseases (especially stem rot).

Much of the park trees (15.5% of total) are defective and mechanically damaged. Stem deformation, burls, broken growth direction are the most commonly found.

The indicator of the relative living state of perk trees is 63.2%, which corresponds to the “satisfactory” and demonstrates the urgent need to develop a set of health measures.

The large share of mechanical damage to the trees of the park is also characteristic. Bark damage, broken branches, sharpening, burns from burning autumn leaves  open the door to infections of pathogens. Therefore, all damages of trees found in the park should be immediately processed and sealed. It is necessary to conduct periodic investigation of park plantings to identify the fungus which destroy the tree, and their degree of affection to plantings.

It was found 17 trees of different species in the park Tilia cordata Mill., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Acer platanoides L., Larix decidua Mill., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Fraxinus excelsior L.), the age of which approximately is more than 100 - 200 years, these trees need special care and protection, a list of them is presented in the tables indicating the quality of the state and GPS - number of each tree to forest stands map.