Використання оптичних камер бпла для моніторингу стану азотного підживлення зернових культур на прикладі пшениці та кукурудзи
Abstract
SAGE OF UAV OPTICAL CAMERAS TO MONITOR THE STATE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION OF THE WHEAT AND CORN
V. Lysenko, O. Opryshko, D. Komarchuk, N. Pasichnik, A. Martsyfei
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for monitoring the state of vegetation provides fundamentally new opportunities in precision farming technologies. Standard solutions based on satellite platforms have been developed to address issues related to the evaluation of the crop and are poorly adapted for operational use to determine the optimal dosage of fertilizers during plant rearing. Due to the low price of high-resolution images, regardless of the presence of clouds and the efficiency of obtaining the results of UAVs in the complex of precision farming technologies, farmers provide fundamentally new possibilities for the programming of the crop.
At present, serially manufactured specialized sensors for spectral monitoring for UAVs such as Slantrange, AgroCam PRO NIR and others. Given that the fertilization of plants is carried out several times and only in certain phases of vegetation, the distribution of such highly specialized systems is limited by their high cost. Economically, it would be better for farms to have versatile equipment, but standard cameras work in the optical range used for such crops as wheat, for maize may be ineffective. The work of an optical chamber in the infrared range is possible, if it is constructively used instead of the usual use of an infra-red lens, in this case the user will receive three channels corresponding to the red green and blue channels.
The application issues for monitoring the nitrogen state of the GoPro Hero 4 camera with a standard (optical) and infrared lens are considered. The aim of the work was to evaluate the spectral characteristics of the camera with an infrared filter and the possibility of using it to monitor the state of nitrogen nutrition of maize. An instrumental evaluation of the spectral channels of the GoPro Hero 4 optical camera was made. It was determined that when the IR lens was used, radiation was fixed on two channels of 640-690 nm, that is, in fact a part of the "red" part of the optical spectrum and a channel of 820-880 nm of the infrared range. The possibility of creating stress indices for corn is shown when using an infrared lens. The experience of comparative calibration of a digital camera with a reference camera is shown. With the instrumental evaluation of the spectral channels of the GoPro Hero 4 camera with an infrared lens, a fixation for any of the channels of the "red" component of the spectrum is established, with the ratio of IR and optical components individually for each channel. It is determined that the infrared range is more preferable when monitoring the state of nitrogen nutrition of maize. A spectral index is proposed for the use of an IR filter for a standard UAV camera.
References
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