Обґрунтування технологічних параметрів НВЧ-установки для передпосівної обробки насіння кукурудзи
Abstract
THE SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE MICROWAVE INSTALLATION FOR THE INTERMEDIATE PROCESSING OF CORN SEEDS
A. Chmil, K. Lazarіuk
The purpose of the study is to analyze and substantiate the structural elements of a microwave installation for pre-sowing processing of corn seeds.
The basis of the work of modern generators and amplifiers of microwave is the principle of interaction of currents of charge carriers with microwave fields. In such devices, control is carried out with the help of elements of waveguide paths: resonators and retarding systems. All microwave devices can be divided into two categories: vacuum and solids. The first one concerns a magnetron, in which, crossed static electric and magnetic fields occur between the cathode and the anode due to an external source of constant voltage. The frequency of microwave oscillations and the geometric dimensions of the resonators are closely related to each other. Obviously, the frequency of generation depends on the intensity of the magnetic field. Turning in circular orbits, electrons repeatedly give their energy microwave fields, so that KKDgen ~ 90%. The waveguide constructed by us can be considered as a system of flat mirrors that form a closed cavity. At the same time on one of the walls of the waveguide is a pin-emitter antenna. The shape of the wave generating it is rather complicated and similar to the field of dipole radiation in the near-field, but it can be regarded as the sum of flat waves propagating in different directions, except directions along the radiator axis. Since the microwave currents propagate along the surface of the conductor, the inner surface of the waveguide should be perfectly smooth, without scratches, craters, and uplifts. Defects in the surface of the waveguide are a serious obstacle to microwave currents.
The analysis of the conducted studies indicates that the waveguide of the magnetron must correspond to certain geometric parameters for the correct operation of the entire installation. The waveguide constructed by us can be considered as a system of flat mirrors that form a closed cavity. At the same time on one of the walls of the waveguide is a pin-emitter antenna. Since the length of the generator wave of the magnetron is λ = 12 cm, we have found that the distance from the radiator to each of the side walls is H = 3 cm, and the distance between these walls is L = 6 cm.
References
Inozemtsev, G.B., Berka, O. M., Okushko, O. V, Usenko, S. M. (2015). Elektrotekhnolohii obrobky silskohospodarskoi produktsii [Electrotechnology of processing of agricultural products]. – Kyiv: KOMPRYNT, 306.
Shibkov, A. N. (2013). Napravlyayemyye volny i napravlyayushchiye sistemy: uchebnoye posobiye [Guided Waves and Guiding Systems]. Vladivostok: Mor. gos. un-t, 63.
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