Safety of use of technological equipment of biothermal treatment of vegetable wastes

Authors

  • O. V. Polyansky Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет
  • O. V. Dyakonov Харківський національний технічний університет сільського господарства імені Петра Василенка
  • A. S. Skrypnik Харківський національний университет міського господарства імені О. М. Бекетова
  • V. I. Dyakonov Харківський національний университет міського господарства імені О. М. Бекетова

Abstract

Abstract. The problems of the valuation of electro-magnetic radiation are considered. This article describes the physics of the effects of microwave radiation on vari-ous materials and humans, the difference between micro-wave and ionizing radiation, protection from microwave radiation and the standards existing in the world when working with ultrahigh frequencies. Modern approaches to the establishment of maximum permissible levels of elec-tromagnetic radiation and possible changes in the human body under the influence of high-frequency radiation are described, the main methods and means of protection against them are given. Characterized the most common sources of the electromagnetic field, under the influence of which there is each person. The prospects of research aimed at the unification and optimization of international and national standards for maximum permissible levels of exposure to electromagnetic radiation on humans are dis-cussed.
It was revealed that the radiation power absorbed by the material (tree) cannot be regulated it depends on the type of plant waste, its moisture content and form. It has been established that it is necessary to choose the radiation power absorbed by the protection and the radiation power of the microwave sources, taking into account that to pro-vide background power that can affect people.
We consider the method of choosing protection from the effects of several sources of electromagnetic radiation, which is currently a problem and requires the implementa-tion of a group of measures, and the process of their imple-mentation is quite time-consuming and is associated in some cases with significant material costs. The choice of means of protection is complicated by the need to simulta-neously take into account the parameters of several com-ponents of the EMF, the electrical and magnetic properties of the screen materials, its design, geometric dimensions, etc.
A mathematical model for limiting the power of a mi-crowave installation for wood drying is presented, taking into account the maximum permissible value of the back-ground energy.
Key words: normalization of electromagnetic radia tion, drying of plant waste, microwave installation.

References

ДСН 239-96. Державні санітарні норми і пра-вила захисту населення від впливу електромагнітних випромінювань. Київ. 1996. 28 с.

ГОСТ 12.1.002-84. Электрические поля про-мышленной частоты. Допустимые уровни напряжен-ности и требования к проведению контроля на рабочих местах.

ГОСТ 12.1.006-84. Электромагнитные поля ра-диочастот. Допустимые уровни на рабочих местах и требования к проведению контроля.

ДСанПіН 3.3.2.007–98. Державні санітарні пра-вила і норми роботи з візуальними дисплейними терміналами електронно-обчислювальних машин.

ДСанПіН 3.3.6–096–2002. Державні санітарні норми і правила при роботі з джерелами електромаг-нітних полів

Селиванов С. Е., Филенко В. В., Бажинов А. В., Будянская Э. Н. Электромагнитные загрязнения био-сферы автотранспортом (автомобили, электромобили, гибридные автомобили) Автомобильный транспорт. 2009. № 25. С. 24–32.

Савицкая Я. А., Паслен В. В. Влияние высо-ко-частотных электромагнитных полей на организм чело-века Екологія та ноосферологія. 2009. № 1, 2. Т. 20. С. 38–43.

Олешко Т. І. Системний підхід до впливу компо-нентів стільникового зв’язку на стан навколишнього середовища. Режим доступа: http:// ar-chive.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/natu-ral/mtit/2012_66/m66_st07.pdf.

High-frequency electric current for drying of wood – historical perspectives. Режим доступа: https://scielo. conicyt.cl/pdf/maderas/v8n2/art01.pdf.

Titov E., Migalyov I. The technology of electro-magnetic radiation danger estimation using the hardware-software module. MATEC. Web Conf. 2017. Vol. 102. P. 01035. URL: https://doi.org/10.1051/ matec-conf/201710201035.

Грачев, Н. Н., Мырова Л. О. Защита человека от опасных излучений. Москва. Б?НОМ. Лаб. знаний, 2005. 317 с.

Яковлев В. Н. Электромагнитная совмести-мость электрооборудования электроэнергетики и транспорта. Москва. МЭ?. 2010. 588 с.

Antti L. Microwave drying of hardwood: simulta-neous measurements of pressure, temperature, and weight reduction. Forest Prod. 1992. J. 42(6). Р. 49–54.

Antti L. Heating and drying wood using micro-wave power. PhD-Thesis, 1999. Skelleftea.

Abramenko S. N. The drying of wood by electric currents of high frequency. Woodworking, 1934. USSR 10. Р. 65–68.

Hansson L., Antti L. Design and performance of an industrial microwave drier for on-line drying of wood components. 8th IUFRO Wood Drying Conf., 2003. Bra-sov, Romania. Р. 156–158.

Leiker M., Aurich K. Sorption behaviour of micro-wave dried wood. Proceedings 8th IUFRO Wood Drying Conference. 2003. Brasov, Romania. Р. 237–240.

State sanitary norms 239-96. (1996). State sanitary norms and rules of protection of the population from the influence of electromagnetic radiation. К., 28

State standard 12.1.002-84. (1984). Electric fields of industrial frequency. Permissible levels of tension and requirements for monitoring at workplaces.

State standard 12.1.006-84. (1984). Electromag-netic fields of radio frequencies. Permissible levels in the workplace and requirements for monitoring.

State sanitary norms and rules 3.3.2.007-98. (1998). State sanitary rules and norms of work with visual display terminals of electronic computers.

State sanitary norms and rules 3.3.6-096-2002. (2002). State sanitary norms and rules when working with sources of electromagnetic fields.

Selivanov, S. E., Filenko, V. V., Bazhinov, A. V., Budyanskaya, E. N. (2009) Electromagnetic pollution of the biosphere by motor transport (cars, electric cars, hybrid cars) Road transport: coll. sci. works. № 25. 24-32.

Savitskaya, Y. A., Paslen, V. V. (2009). The influ-ence of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on the hu-man body. Ecology and noospheology. № 1, 2. Vol. 20. 38-43.

Oleshko, T. I. (2012). System approach to the influ-ence of components of cellular communication on the state of the environment. Access mode: http://archive. nbuv.gov.ua/portal/natural/mtit/2012_66/m66_st07.pdf.

High-frequency electric current for drying of wood – historical perspectives. (2018). Access mode: https://sci-elo.conicyt.cl/pdf/maderas/v8n2/art01.pdf.

Titov, E., Migalyov, I. (2017). The technology of electromagnetic radiation danger estimation using the hardware-software module. MATEC.Web Conf. Vol. 102. 01035. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710201035.

Grachev, N. N., Myrova, L. O. (2005). Protection of a person from dangerous radiation. Moscow: BINOM. Lab of knowledge. 317.

Yakovlev, V. N. (2010) Electromagnetic compati-bility of electrical equipment of electric power industry and transport: studies. manual. Moscow: MEI. 588.

Antti, L. (1992). Microwave drying of hardwood: simultaneous measurements of pressure, temperature, and weight reduction. Forest Prod. J. 42(6). 49-54

Antti, L. (1999). Heating and drying

Abramenko, S. N. (1934). The drying of wood by electric currents of high frequency. Woodworking, USSR 10. 65-68.

Hansson, L., Antti, L. (2003). Design and perfor-mance of an industrial microwave drier for on-line drying of wood components. 8th IUFRO Wood Drying Conf., Brasov, Romania. 156-158.

Leiker, M., Aurich, K. (2003). Sorption behaviour of microwave dried wood. Proceedings 8th IUFRO Wood Drying Conference. Brasov, Romania. 237-240.

Downloads

Published

2019-01-24

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 4 (2018)

Section

Статті

License

Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons  Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).