Formation of the leaf surface of corn hybrides depending on technological growing methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/bio2018.01.014Abstract
Because of its economic and biological properties, corn is one of the most strategic crops, which is used in various fields, including livestock, food and processing industries, as well as in the production of biofuels and electricity.
The application of mineral fertilizers, microfertilizers, bacterial preparations and plant growth stimulators are the elements being used in the technology of cultivating the corn hybrids of different ripeness. These elements have a direct impact on the productivity and qualitative composition of grain and green mass. However, the use of these preparations in the complex is not studied sufficiently. Therefore, the research in this direction is relevant.
The results of studies the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with the preparation Polimiksobakteryn, as well as foliar nutrition with the microfertilizer Micro Mineralis (corn) and the growth biostimulator “Stympo” on the the area of the leaf surface are presented.
The highest index of the leaf surface of 49,500 m2/ha was observed in the middle-ripen hybrid Dialoh in the flowering phase under the pre-sowing seed treatment with the bacterial preparation Polimiksobakteryn, as well as under the treatment of vegetative plants with microfertilizer Micro Mineralis (corn) and the growth biostimulator “Stympo”. This index was 43,500 m2/ha or by 13.7% less in the middle-ripen hybrid Aria.
The area of the leaf surface of the middle-ripen corn hybrid Aria in the phase of 12 leaves was 23,600 m2/ha at the control (without treatment), that is by 19.9% less than when using the combination of microfertilizer Micro Mineralis (corn) with the growth biostimulator “Stympo”. When using only Micro Mineralis (corn), this indicator increased by 14.8% compared with the control. The area of the leaf surface was 24,000 m2/ha when using the bacterial preparation Polimiksobakteryn for pre-sowing seed treatment. The studied indicator was 28,800 m2/ha under the complex use of the seed treatment with Polimiksobakteryn and the treatment of vegetative plants with Micro Mineralis (corn) + “Stympo”.
The area of the leaf surface of the middle-ripen corn hybrid Dialoh in the phase of 12 leaves was 25,900 m2/ha at the control and it increased by 17.3% when using Micro Mineralis (corn) + “Stympo”. This indicator was 31,100 m2/ ha under the use of the above mentioned preparations in combination with Polimiksobakteryn. The area of the leaf surface of the middle-ripen hybrid Aria in the phase of milk maturity under the application of pre-sowing treatment with Polimiksobakteryn in combination with the treatment of vegetative plants with Micro Mineralis (corn) + “Stympo” was 43,100 m2/ ha, which is by 15.5% more compared with the control ( without treatment).
The area of the leaf surface of the middle-ripen hybrid Dialoh in the phase of milk maturity was 41,700 m2/ha at the control, and this indicator increased to 47,100 m2/ha when using the sowing treatment with Micro Mineralis (corn) + “Stympo”. Due to the use of Polimiksobakteryn in combination with the above mentioned preparations, the area of the leaf surface increases to 47,800 m2/ha.
The tendency to reduce the area of the leaf surface due to the drying of lower leaves in the phase of waxy maturity was observed in all variants of the experiment.
The use of the complex of the above-mentioned preparations has led to an increase in the area of the leaf surface in all phases of plant development on all investigated hybrids.
Key words: corn, hybrid, leaf surface, leaf index, microfertilizer, biostimulators, polymiksobacteryn
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