Phytosanitary monitoring (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L.) vegetable acrocyanosis of the land plot of the village sedlyshche, lubeshiv district

Abstract

Harm is the primary criterion for determining the dangers of an entomological entity in an economic sense. The features of  Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L. biology and ecology are investigated,  methods of accounting and level of harmfulness in agrocenoses of seedlings of vegetable crops (cucumbers, cabbage, tomatoes, eggplants) in the garden areas of the village Sedlyshche, Lyubeshiv district, which are based on the regulation of the specificity of the ontogeny, the study of motor activity, the relationship with the environment.

As a result of two years of studies have clarified the life cycle of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, also the level of crop losses at different levels of the pest population has been determined. The course of ontogeny of mole crickets in the Lubeshiv district of Volyn region lasts 2 years (the first wintering in the larval stage of 3-year, the second - nymphs or imago): Imago emerges from the winter in spring, females lay eggs and take care of the nest. The larvae are reborn in the 1st age (May), fade to the 2nd age (June-July), from that moment on begin trophic activity and mass accumulation (August-September) and migrate to wintering.

We have tried to evaluate the harmfulness of  Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L., on vegetable crops (cucumbers, cabbage, tomatoes and eggplants). The real and potential danger in the garden areas of the village Sedlyshche is the highest percentage of destroyed plants among (cucumbers 41.7% and cabbage 25.7%) during the rooting of seedling. The liquefaction dynamics show that Solanaceous crops (sweet peppers, tomatoes, eggplants) are characterized by a smaller percentage loss. The maximum pest peak occurs in the first half of June. The critical period for seedlings of cabbage, tomatoes, peppers and eggplants lasts 25-30 days, for cucumbers - up to 40 days.

The peculiarities of the biology of  (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L.), and the significant level of harmfulness, indicate that the presence of pests in the agrocenoses of seedlings of vegetable crops in previous years is a real and potential danger. Thus, the decisive factor in the preservation of the seedling crop is the use of mainly extermination measures. It is therefore necessary to further investigate this representative of bluebirds in order to minimize its adverse effects on crops.