NEW VARIETIES GARDEN PEA FOR THE CANNING

Abstract

In cultivation technologies garden Pea grade factor is central among other technological items. The main method of intensification of production is the adaptation of production technologies for each grade.

Ukraine has the best soil and climatic conditions for growing garden Pea. The most favorable (with a score of 90%) is Zaporizhia region, southern parts of Ternopil, Khmelnytsky and Vinnytsia regions; northern and southern regions of Cherkassy, Kiev region, Poltava region, west part of the Kharkiv region. In determining the place of cultivation garden Pea by soil-climatic zones and the rotation in particular to consider its biological characteristics. High yields of early spring sowing peas provides. Missing 10 days reduces the yield of ripe seeds to 0.5-0.8 t / ha. The biggest impact on productivity has precipitation during flowering (including 20 days to flowering and 10 days after). This period is critical in terms of the needs of peas in the moisture. Most varieties of plants refers to a long day, but some of them the length of the light period react neutrally. Soils under peas vegetable should be neutral or close to neutral for acidity (pH 6,0-7,5), seasoned with adequate doses of fertilizers (N30-45P45-60K45-50). Seeding of each batch of seeds depends on its size, similarities, varietal characteristics, soil and climatic conditions, ranging from 150 to 350 kg / ha. Under unfavorable dry conditions it increased by 10%. The optimal density of 80-130 plants per 1 m² (Early varieties - 120-130 pcs., Middle-- 100-110 pcs., Late - 70-80 pcs.). Increased density of 130 plants / m² leads to lower yields.

Peas able to support themselves nitrogen by 60-70% and keep the soil 60-140 kg / ha its biological equivalent (provided that trace elements). Grain treatment with boron and molybdenum by early sowing increases the yield of green peas and 30% or 8,3 t / ha, and the second term of sowing – 33,2% (to 7,8 t / ha). To obtain high and stable yields of green peas important to use safe methods of detecting and combating pests and diseases. In Pest control is a means of using pheromone traps.

To ensure receipt conveyor peas processing enterprises in the production of several varieties should garden Pea different groups of ripeness. Principles of selection of varieties based on the combination of performance, yield and resistance to diseases and pests. Of great importance is the adaptability to a variety of technology and growing conditions. Such requirements correspond garden Pea varieties Salute DTR, Stryzh and Natinau that were created in collaboration NUBiP Ukraine and NUBiP of Ukraine "Nizhyn Agrotechnical Institute". Varieties belong to different maturity groups.

Quality Salute DTR - precocious. By the technical maturity of 45-55 days. The length of the stem 58- 70 cm, the first bean 35-40 cm. Length interstitial 6 cm. The first bean 11-13 knots. In the bean seeds 7-9. The yield of peas 6,8-7,0 t / ha.

Stryzh middle-grade. By the technical maturity of 64-66 days. The length of the stems to 95 cm, the first bean - up to 35 cm. Internodes shortened to 5,5 cm. To 1st bean 13-14 knots. In the bean seeds 9-10. Seeds cerebral. Vaha1000 195-200h seeds.

Medium Quality Natinau. By the technical maturity of 66-70 days. The length of the stems to 90 cm. The 1st bean - up to 35 cm. To 1st 12-13 nodes of bean. The length of beans up to 10 cm. 8-10 bean seeds. Weight of 1000 seeds 185-195 g.