Comparative analysis of integrated antioxidant activity of inflorescences of Calendula Officinalis L. plants grown in the conditions of Precarpathian area on the effect of growth biostimulants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/bio2018.01.007Abstract
The present is characterized by rapid pace of life, economic instability, aggravation of environmental problems, including global climate change, environmental pollution, deterioration of food quality, which leads to a decrease in the protective functions of the body. In this case, oxidative reactions are activated, resulting in the accumulation of free radicals in the cells and tissues of the body that contribute to atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia, cancer, allergic diseases, premature aging of the organism, etc. Antioxidants counteract the formation of free radicals. Natural antioxidants are found in plant material. The highest antioxidant activity has vegetable raw materials with high content of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamins A, E, K and C. For official and folk medicine, Calendula officinalis inflorescence is a valuable plant material, due to the high content of biologically active substances (BAS), in particular carotenoids, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, calendula bitter, resin and tannins, mucus, inulin, organic acids, phytosterols, enzymes, ascorbic acid, alkaloids, triterpenidoles, which cause antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, wound healing, sedative, diuretic, choleretic effect. C. officinalis BAS content in plant cultivation depends on many factors. During the cultivation of medicinal plants, it is recommended to use biostimulants of growth that provide better stress tolerance for plants, allow them to realize the potential of the variety more, as well as improvement of the quality of the raw materials.
The purpose of the work is to investigate the influence of growth biostimulants “Vermybiomah”, “Vermyiodis” and “Vermystym” on antioxidant activity (AOA) of inflorescences of C. officinalis plants of the sort “Polova krasunia” grown on sod-podzolic soils of the Precarpathian zone during 2015–2017.
To achieve the goal the following objectives were set: to obtain water and ethanolic extracts of inflorescences of plants of C. officinalis, grown under the influence of biostimulants of growth; to investigate and compare their AOA.
Plants of C. officinalis cultivated during 2015 – 2017 on soddy-podzolic soils of the Precarpathian region (at the educational area of Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University) for the two-fold applying of biostimulants. As a control, field sites used in the cultivation of C. officinalis, biostimulants of growth were not applied.
The material for the study was inflorescence of C. officinalis plants, collected from different experimental sites and dried to air-dry state. Water extracts (infusions) and ethanolic extracts of inflorescences of C. officinalis were prepared in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.
The determination of AOA was carried out by a potentiometric method using a mediator system, modifying two methods – Brainina and co-workers and Aronbayev and co-workers. The mediator system consisted of 0,01 M K3 [Fe (CN) 6] and 0,0001 M K4 [Fe (CN) 6] in 0,066 M phosphate buffer pH 7,2. As a standard, AOA used freshly prepared aqueous and spirit solutions of ascorbic acid with the concentration of 1 mg / ml to calibrate them for the next study of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of inflorescences of C. officinalis.
It has been established that inflorescences of plants of C. officinalis of the sort “Polova krasunia”, cultivated in the Precarpathian region on the effect of growth biostimulants, have a higher AOA, compared with control (without applying of stimulants). As indicated by the oxidation-reduction potential of aqueous extracts of inflorescences of plants C. officinalis, AOA is higher in variants using biostimulants, comparing with control (p≤0,05). The highest rates of AOA are characterized by plants grown under the action of the “Vermybiomah” biostimulant (26,9 % over control).
It has been established that inflorescence ethanolic extracts of C. officinalis are characterized by higher antioxidant activity in 1,5-1,6 times comparing with water. The obtained results are consistent with the data obtained in the works of other scientists, who studied the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of medicinal plants.
Keywords: Сalendula officinalis L., growth biostimulants, potentiometric method, antioxidant activity, oxidation-reducing potential
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