THE SYNANTROPIZATION ANALYSIS OF FLORA OF THE LONG-FALLOW LANDS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE KYIEV REGION

Abstract

Nowadays, the entry of alien species into natural habitats in Europe increased, that’s why it’s recognized as one of the biggest environmental problems.

Therefore, the study of the penetration of alien species in natural communities and their adaptation is extremely important. To achieve the goals for investigate synanthropic component of long-fallowlands of the Forest-Steppe of the Kyiev region, we used the methods and data, which described by V. Protopopova (1991).

Geobotanical study of natural, anthropogenically disturbed vegetation of meadows and fallowlands, their restoration process conducted with by applying direct and indirect methods of discovering. The results of geobotanical studies obtained using direct and indirect methods phytocoenotic investigation: primary reconnoitring, establishing experimental plots for geobotanic investigation. For obtaining the goals, herbarium material of Department of  Botany in NUBiP of Ukraine and Institute of Botany (KW) were used.

Identification of species composition was determined by "Key to species of flora of Ukraine" (1987) and agreed with the current nomenclature checklist of vascular plants of Ukraine (1999).

Established that synanthropic flora of the fallow lands into forest-steppe part of Kyiv region contains by 181 plant species, which including into 44 families and 137 genera. Primary ten families consist of 128 species or 70,7% from total number of species. Particular to the primary families belong Asteraceae with 47 species or 26,0% from total number. Second position by Fabaceae and Brassicaceae which include 16 species or 8,8% both. Poaceae family have 12 species or 6,6%, Lamiaceae  – eight species (4,4%), Caryophyllaceae – seven species (3,9%). The families of  Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae have by six species (3,3% ), Polygonaceae and Apiaceae with five species or 2,8% from total number.

First place into the spectrum belongs to the Asteraceae (26,0%), cheegrass high position indicates a significant role of boreal elements in the structure of synantropic flora. Primery position into the spectrum of predominate genuses belong to Artemisia which include five species or 2,8% from total number. Other six genuses – Achillea, Senecio, Medicago, Vicia, Plantago, Veronica have by three species (1,7%) everyone.

Among synanthropic species by the type of the life form dominated herbal polycarpics – 81 species (44,8%). By the type of underground systems in the first place arranged by taproot species with 139 species (76,8%). In results of analysis of necessity for habitats by the water regime, the first place takes to kseromezophytes – 88 species or 48,6% from the total. The similar analysis of necessity for habitats by the light conditions, show us, that heliophytes have primary position – 106 species (58,6%).

The fraction of apophytes contain of 53,6% or 97 species from the total number, alien plant species – 46,4%  or 84 species from the total. The geographic analysis of adventives species to assure, that the predominance of Mediterranean species – 20 species or 11 %; species from North American origin have – 19 units or 10,5% from the total.