The usage of cell technologi in vitro for the creation of cucumber source material with resistance to Fusarium (Fuzarium oxysporum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.02.008Keywords:
cell selection, evaluation, apical meristem, sources of resistance, fungal culture filtrate, culture mediumAbstract
The effective ways of creating a Fusarium resistant source material of cucumber are the laboratory methods, using of which allows to reduce the breeding terms significantly. The studies were carried out according to the standard biotechnological methods and using the standard equipment. The studies used the hybrid seeds of cucumber genotypes of F1 – F6 breeds with different tolerance to Fusarium. Cell selection was carried out in the media with different content of selective agent (20, 40 and 60 % of the total medium's volume). It was determined that using of culture medium containing 40% of F. oxysporum fungal culture filtrate (FCF) influenced considerably at the growth of the apical meristems of cucumber. The impact of toxin FCR complex on the growth and development of the apical meristem was carried out by determining the resistance index – RI. That make possible to differentiate the breeding samples by the reaction to the selective medium and to breed resistant genotypes by the way of purposeful individual selection in vitro. The perspective forms of cucumber C.s. 22 (the initial form F1 (F6I4 Golubchic х F8I1 № 11)), C.s. 23 (the initial form F1 (F5I5 Golub х F1I3 Кuzsia)), C.s. 23 (the initial form F1 (F5I5 Golub х F1I3 Кuzia))), C.s. 27 (the initial form F1 (F1I4 Mari х F3I4 Кuzia))), C.s. 29 (the initial form AX 0339, F1), that exceeded the reference genotypes by the resistance index to Fusarium wilt, are recommended for using in breeding. It was developed experimentally that used methodical approach enables to measure the resistance of breeding material to Fusarium wilt and to propagate perspective clones of the regenerated plants during 9 months, and significantly reduce the scope of field researches. It's also possible to give recommendations regarding the feasibility of using a hybrid a linear material. The use of laboratory evaluation methods allow to significantly reduce the volume of field research and will improve the environmental situation by eliminating the necessity to conduct processing plant necrotroph fungo of the genus Fusarium.
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