Effect of «Microorganic» organic fertilizer on winter wheat productivity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2022.03.004Keywords:
microorganic organic fertilizers, soil fertility, winter wheatAbstract
The results of researches of technological process, chemical-biological indicators of organic fertilizer "Microorganic", obtained as a result of processing of secondary raw materials by the method of accelerated biological fermentation, are given.
On the basis of experimental and industrial researches it is established that technological process of aerobic fermentation on open sites should
be maintained within the following limits: humidity - the optimal level of 50-60% (permissible - 45-70%); temperature 50-55oC (permissible 40-60oC); oxygen concentration - more than 10% (permissible not less than 5%); density - 650 kg / m2 (550-750 kg / m2 is admissible).
The obtained organic fertilizers "Microorganic" contained 1.5-2.3% nitrogen, 0.8-1.4% phosphorus, 1.2-1.8% potassium, the pH was 6.5-7.5. They are environmentally friendly, do not contain similar weed seeds, pathogens.
The positive effect of fertilizer on agrophysical, agrochemical and microbiological properties of soil has been established. With the introduction of "Microorganic" increased microbiological activity of the soil as a test indicator of the positive effect of fertilizer, on average by 30% compared to the control (unfertilized soil with this type of organic fertilizer). At the same time, the content of soil copyitrophs (ammonifiers, microorganisms that decompose nitrogen - free compounds and the enzymatic, biochemical activity of the soil, the process of humus formation and the tendency to accumulate it in the soil increased especially).
. A characteristic indicator of the activation of the microflora under the influence of these organic fertilizers is the increase in CO2 emissions, which is the result of accelerated accelerated decomposition of soil organic compounds (including humus).
The average content of nutrients in the soil increased on average: for mineral nitrogen - by 10-15%, mobile phosphorus - by 10-30%, metabolic potassium - by 5-20%.
The microbial potential of the organic fertilizer "Microorganic" contributed to the increase of biological activity of the soil, which led to increased access of biophilic elements to the root systems of plants, ensuring the formation of high yields.
The highest yield of winter wheat variety "Tsentilivka", on average for three years, was on the option where organic fertilizers "Microorganic" were applied at a dose of 5 t / ha + N50P50K50 and was 8.81 t / ha, which is 4.75 t / ha more compared to the control
Economic analysis obtained. The results of the study showed in this case and the highest economic indicators of cultivation with a level of profitability of 151.7%
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