Weak barlley crop failure due to weeds depnding on the intensity of the main tillage of the soil

Abstract

The harmfulness of weeds on the productivity of crops of spring barley was studied during 2014–2016. in the stationary experience of the Department of General Agriculture of the Uman National University of Horticulture, the scheme of which is presented in two ways of the main autumn tillage (plowing and plane-cutting loosening) and three depths (25–27, 20–22 and 15–17 cm). For comparison, the potential and actual weediness of barley at the beginning, middle and end of the growing season of the crop was determined.

Both pathways of intensification of the main tillage had a positive effect on the contamination of the upper 10-centimeter layer of soil by seeds of weeds. Moreover, against the background of dump plowing to a depth of 15–17, 20–22 and 25–27 cm on average for 2014–2016. the number of weed seeds was respectively 14,9; 12,0 and 3,0 % less than against the background of plane-loosening. When small (15–17 cm) and medium (10–22 cm) plowing was replaced by deep (25–27 cm), the soil layer weediness of 0–10 cm by weed seeds decreased by 2,2 and 3,7 % on average over three years, respectively and for the same replacement of moldless processing – by 5,4 and 15,5 %, respectively. Similarly, under the influence of intensive main processing, the actual (actual) weediness of barley crops during periods of germination, in the middle and at the end of its vegetation also changed.

In all years, the grain yield of the studied culture was higher on the background of plowing than on the background of planar loosening, and also higher on the background of deeper cultivations, which is consistent with a lesser weediness of crops on these options and the presence of a close correlation between the yield and the level of weediness of barley crops in different period of its vegetation.