Yield and quality indicators of soybean grain depending on the application of organic fertilizers with balanced content of trivalent chromium
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.05.0011Abstract
The results of the influence of organic fertilizers «Bioproerm», «Bioactive» and «Biochrom» with balanced content of trivalent chromium produced by methods of biological fermentation and cavitation on yields and quality indices of soybeans of the Ustyug variety in the conditions of the Western Forest-steppe are highlighted.
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of organic fertilizers produced on the basis of the latest technologies on the growth and development of plants and the yield of Soybean varieties of the Usty in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe.
Field and laboratory investigations were carried out in the conditions of the western forest-steppe during 2013-2016 at the experimental field of the Podilsky State Agrarian-Technical University. The soil of the experimental site - black earth is a typical heavy-granular granulometric composition.
Soybean cultivator is generally accepted for the conditions of the western forest-steppe Ukraine. Concomitant studies and observations are performed according to generally accepted techniques. It has been established that in all variants where organic fertilizers «Bioactive» and «Bioproerm» were introduced due to improvement of agrophysical, agrochemical properties of the soil and its biological activity, the nutrient and water regime of the soil improved, which resulted in an increase in the field similarity by 6.7-7, 1% and plant survival by 4.4-4.6% compared with control. In these variants, plant height increased by 5.9-8.2 cm compared to control.
The largest area of the leaf surface of soybean plants in the phase of the end of flowering - 41.6 thousand m2/ha or 8.9 thousand m2/ha more control was in the version where they introduced under the basic cultivation of soil 10 tons per hectare of organic fertilizer «Bioproerm» with balanced content of tri-chromium and sprayed soy plants during vegetation with liquid organic fertilizer «Biochrom» - 5 l/ha.
In this variant, the photosynthetic potential was 2.384 million m2/ha or 0.348 million m2/ha more control, the net productivity of photosynthesis in the flowering phase was 10.52 g/m2 per day or 0.84 g/m2 per day more control.
It was investigated that organic fertilizers, manufactured according to the latest technologies, in all years of research have had an effect on increasing the yield of soybeans. So, in the version, where organic fertilizers were introduced into the «Bioproerm» at a dose of 10 t/ha, and subjected to foliar fertilization with «Biochrom» liquid liquid fertilizer (5 l/ha), on the average over the years the yield was 1.25 t/ha more than in the control and by 0.18 t/ha more than in the variant with the introduction of organic fertilizer «Bioactive» at a dose of 10 t/ha and spraying with liquid organic fertilizer «Biochrom» in a dose of 5 l/ha during the vegetation plants of culture.
Key words: soybean, plant growth and development, yield, quality of grain
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