Prospects for the application of methanation technologies for the production of synthetic renewable methane in Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya3(73).2024.107Abstract
It is known that one of the most important and urgent problems of modern world energy has become the search and development of renewable energy sources as alternatives to traditional fossil fuels.
Methanation, that is, the reaction of the transformation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce synthetic renewable methane, is one of the areas of search and development of alternative energy sources as a substitute for scarce natural gas.
The object of this study is synthetic renewable methane, as well as features of methanation technologies for its production.
The purpose of the work is to review global experience in the development of methanation technologies for the production of synthetic renewable methane and to identify promising ways to introduce these technologies in Ukraine.
Research methods include the study and analysis of literature and other data, in particular the results of the implementation of methanation projects.
As studies have shown, methanation technologies with only renewable components are especially interesting for the conditions of Ukraine. It is these technologies that are analyzed in the article.
The paper examines the technological possibilities of using catalytic and biological methanation methods for the effective use of renewable solar and wind electricity to generate hydrogen by electrolysis of water, as well as carbon dioxide of organic origin for the production of synthetic renewable methane.
The technology of biological methanation is considered in most detail as a promising direction for introducing methanation technologies in Ukraine for the production of synthetic renewable methane. Aspects related to modern technologies, such as in situ, ex situ, are analyzed. The features of the concept of underground methanation, which is one of the areas of biological methanation, are shown.
The work examines various designs of reactors for catalytic and biological methanation, and notes their advantages and disadvantages.
Some measures that will make industrial production of synthetic renewable methane based on methanation technology profitable in the future are indicated.
Key words: synthetic renewable methane, methanation technologies, renewable energy sources
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