Analysis of thermal transients in the windings and the oil of a power transformer and a method for temperature measurement of windings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya2018.06.019Abstract
Introduction. To diagnostics thermal conditions of power transformers requires temperature control of the windings. The installation of temperature sensors in the windings is difficult as the technical point of view, and from a position of safety. Therefore, there is a need to control the temperature of the transformer windings indirectly. Problem. The most affordable way to determine the temperature of the power transformer winding during its operation is to control the temperature of the transformer oil. However, despite the large number of papers devoted to the study of thermal transients in individual elements of the transformer design, the patterns of oil temperature changes depending on the temperature of the windings at different transformer loads remain unexplored. The article proposes to control the temperature of the windings of the power transformer by measuring the temperature of the upper layers of the oil and the multiplicity of the electric current, which requires a comparative analysis of the thermal transients of the windings and the oil of the power transformer. Goal. The purpose of the article is to study thermal transients in the windings and oil of the power transformer and to develop a device for measuring the temperature of the windings of the power transformer. Methodology. To achieve this goal, the method of analytical study of thermal transients in the windings and oil of the transformer, as well as experimental studies of the obtained analytical dependences was used. Results. The study of thermal transients in the windings and oil of the power transformer showed that indirect measurement of the winding temperature is possible by measuring the temperature of the upper layers of the oil. The analysis of the obtained dependences shows that the developed mathematical model allows to determine the temperature of the windings of the power transformer with a high degree of accuracy by measuring the oil temperature and the current forces in the windings of the transformer, which can be used in the development of devices for measuring the temperature of the windings. Experimental studies have shown that the developed mathematical model for calculating the temperature of the windings through the oil temperature, the multiplicity of the forces of phase electric currents and the transformer passport data with a high degree of accuracy allows to determine the temperature of the windings of the power transformer, which can be used in the development of a device for measuring the temperature of the windings. On the basis of mathematical model, the block diagram of the device of determination of temperature of windings of the power transformer is developed. Originality. For the first time, a comparative analysis of thermal transients in the windings and oil of the transformer was carried out and an expression for determining the temperature of the windings through the oil temperature, current and passport data of the power transformer was obtained. Practical value. The obtained results allow to use analytical dependences for the development of devices for diagnostics operating conditions of power transformers.
Кey words: power transformer, temperature, winding, oil, transient, diagnostics, thermal.
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