Modeling the process for drying agricultural materials using solar energy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya2019.02.037Abstract
Today in Ukraine thermal drying is the main method of preparing agricultural materials for preservation. For drying grass, grain, linseed and seeds, and others, are subject to drying. For the drying of such materials, active ventilation is used extensively (when weather conditions allow) or heated air. Drying is carried out in such a way at the place of storage in grain and hay storages, bunkers, stacks (grass, flax pit) under the canopies and clearings of the open air. Drying with atmospheric air is ineffective, air heating with heat generators or electrocolorifiers is energy-consuming.
Drying of vegetative materials with heating of air in solar gel-collectors allows to significantly reduce energy intensity of drying processes and provides high quality of dried product. Reducing energy consumption for drying grain materials is an urgent problem that is solved in two main ways, the technical modernization of drying equipment available and the development of new energy-saving methods and modes of drying agricultural materials and their implementation on existing and modernized facilities at farms. And the first and second way of solving the problem of energy conservation is based on the mathematical description of heat and mass transfer processes. The mathematical model of drying of dispersed agricultural material in the work is presented in the form of a system of differential equations in partial derivatives in which the variable of the determining parameters of the drying process in time and space is reflected, taking into account the daily change in the intensity of heating of the drying agent in the solar collector.
The purpose of the research was to determine the dynamics of the development of interconnected non-stationary fields of temperature and moisture content of the material and of the drying agent on the basis of mathematical models of heat and mass transfer processes in the layer of disperse material during convective heat transfer.
The implementation of this mathematical model in a standard mathematical package allows to analyze the performance of equipment, in particular heliocollectors, for convective drying of dispersed agricultural materials in a dense layer, depending on the parameters of the material being fed to drying, the intensity of the solar radiation and the efficiency of its perception, the daily oscillations of the temperature of the atmospheric air.
References
Burnayev, M. D. (2001). Doslidzhennya roboty heliokolektora dlya pidihrivu povitrya prry aktyvnomu ventylyuvanni sina [Investigation of the work of the helioclector for air heating in the active ventilation of the hay]. Lviv: Netradyts. i ponov. dzherela enerhiyi yak alternatyvni pervynnym dzherelam enerhiyi v rehioni: Mater. I Mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf., 159-163.
Kotov, B. I. (2002). Matematychne modelyuvannya nahrivannya v heliokolektorakh dlya sushinnya roslynnoyi syrovyny [Mathematical modeling of heating in gel collectors for drying of plant material]. Elektryfikatsiya ta avtomatyzatsiya sil’skoho hospodarstva, 1, 107-109.
Daffi, Dzhon A.m Becman, W. A. (1977). Teplovyye protsessy s ispol'zovaniyem solnechnoy energii [Thermal processes using solar energy]. Moskow: Mir, 420.
Avezov, R. R., Orlov, A. YU. Solnechnyye sistemy otopleniya i goryachego vodosnabzheniya [Solar heating and hot water systems]. Tashkent: Fan, 288.
Kotov, B. I. (1991). Povysheniye effektivnosti solnechnykh kollektorov dlya podogreva vozdukha [Improving the efficiency of solar collectors for air heating]. Tekhnika v sel'skom khozyaystve, 2, 28 – 30.
Kalafatov, YE. T., Tokarenko, V. I., Kalafatov, I. E. (2005). Doslidzhennya dvokanal’noho sonyachnoho kollektora [Investigation of two-channel solar collector]. Pratsi Tavriysʹkoyi derzhavnoyi ahrotekhnolohichnoyi akademiyi, 31, 133-137.
Kozlov, YA. M., Sukhyy, M. P., Sukhyy, K. M. (2010) Stil’nykovi polikarbonatni plastyky – osnovnyy konstruktyvnyy element polimernoho sonyachnoho kolektora [Cell polycarbonate plastics - the main constructive element of a polymeric solar collector]. Naukovi pratsi Odes’koyi natsional’noyi akademiyi kharchovykh tekhnolohiy, 37, 230-236.
Kotov, B. I., Kalinichenko, R. A., Stepaneko, S. P., Shvydya, V. O., Lisets’kyy V. O. (2017). Modelyuvannya tekhnolohichnykh protsesiv v typovykh ob’yektakh pislyazbyral’noyi obrobky i zberihannya zerna (separatsiya, sushinnya, aktyvne ventylyuvannya, okholodzhennya) [Modeling of technological processes in typical objects of post-harvest processing and storage of grain (separation, drying, active ventilation, cooling)]. Nizhyn: Vydavets PP Lysenko M.M, 552.
Korchemnyy, M. O., Fedoreyko V. S., Shcherban V. P. (2004). Enerhozberezhennya v ahropromyslovomu kompleksi. Monohrafiya. [Energy saving in the agro-industrial complex]. Ternopil: Pidruchnyky i posibnyky, 974.
Kotov, B., Kalinichenko, R., Spirin, A. (2016). Mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer process under heat treatment of grain materials in dense layer. Teka. Commission of motorization and energetic in agriculture. Lublin, 16 (4), 35-42.
Kovbasa, V. P., Kalinichenko, R. A., Kurhans’kyy O. D. (2016). Komp’yuterne modelyuvannya teplomasoobminu v ob’yemi zernovoyi masy pry ventylyuvanni povitryam iz zminnymy parametramy [Computer modeling of heat and mass transfer in the volume of grain mass in ventilation by air with variable parameters]. Naukovyy visnyk NUBiP Ukrayiny. Seriya: Tekhnika ta enerhetyka APK, 252, 136-143.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
