Solar energy соncentrator for treatment of seeds before sowing

Abstract

For stimulate growth of plants to use mainly chemical and biological methods. However, processing of seeds, vegetative plants by chemical substances is dangerous in question an enviroment. Physical methods of influence are more promising in this case. One of the ways to improve the quality and germination of the seeds is a pulsed concentrated sunlight (PCS). Efficacy of PCS proved. If the concentrated sunlight is irradiated at certain doses of the seeds before sowing. Their germination energy will increase significantly and increase their photosynthesis, the root system and the area of the leaves will become larger. The purpose of this article is a development of system controlling the experimental model of the solar energy concentrator for pre-sowing seed processing. In the experimental model, the receiver, which will contain seed of plants. The receiver is made of four quartz tubes (for transmitting ultraviolet radiation). The control of time irradiation on the seed is effected an indirect method. It is with help measurement of  the temperature here heating. It happenes with help an temperature measurement his heat, it is also don’t give overheating of seeds. To this end, everyone tube have a temperature sensor. For uniform pulsed irradiation of seeds with sunlight, quartz tubes rotate in turn, getting into the focus of the concentrator. When the temperature of the heating the seeds will ready, it means that irradiation have finished off. In this case, the concentrator is directed so, that reflected sun radiation doesn't get to the receiver. A principle electrical control circuit was developed, the core of which is Atmega's ATmega8 microcontroller. This microcontroller carries out the function of monitoring the sun and determining the time of sunlight irradiation at the temperature of their heating. With help a microcontroller you may simplify and cheapen the electrical circuit. In the pilot sun tracking setting will make with help a light-sensitive sensor and constant voltage motor. The threshold of light-sensitivity will be regulated by a replaceable resistor. The electrical circuit provides for the introduction of a threshold temperature, after which the irradiation of seeds ceases. The input temperature is displayed on the led indicator, while during the operation of the concentrator, the indicator will show the arithmetic mean of the four temperature sensors. The rotation of the receiver (four quartz tubes) is carried out by a constant voltage motor. The speed of rotation the receiver in the process of operation is regulated by the resistor, choosing the optimal mode of exposure. After the irradiation the concentrator will be oriented so, that the reflected solar radiation does not enter the receiver. It achieve with help the phototransistor, wich locate on the side. Aspect this development is creation environmentally friendly seeds activation technology.

Key words:  concentrator, sensitivity threshold, control system, pre-sowing seed treatment, pulsed concentrated sunlight, dc motor, germination energy, photosynthesis