Intensification of the methane fermentation process in biogas installations based on the use of melass barda

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the performance of existing and future biogas plants due to the intensification of the methane fermentation process of cattle manure. Since 4 million m³ of molasses and 3.6–3.8 million m³ of grain grains are generated and need to be disposed of in Ukraine every year, it has been proposed to use it as a stimulating additive for methane fermentation. Currently, in literary sources, it is not indicated what amount of bards should be added to the substrate, so as not to cause inhibition of methane-forming bacteria, and, conversely, intensify the process of fermentation. The aim of the research is to increase the biogas yield based on the use of molasses bards. The molasses bard of a typical sugar plant was used for research. In a laboratory methane tank a useful volume of 30 liters, in which 18,5-20,5 liters of biohumus remained, was added substrate consisting of 3.5 kg of manure of cattle, 5 liters of water and molasses bards. It was planned that the weight of the added molasses bards will be 1 kg, 3 kg and will increase by 2 kg each time until the combustion of biogas is stopped. The article analyzes the results of researches of monobrosting of molasses bard on a laboratory biogas plant with a useful volume of 30 liters, in which the various proportions of bile salmon and molasses burs were fermented. The methodical recommendations for intensifying the process of methane fermentation of cattle manure on the basis of the use of molasses bards are given. According to experimental data, when adding molasses to the substrate on the basis of cattle manure, the biogas output is increasing, but it grows unevenly. The rapid growth of biogas output is observed when the content of melted bards in the substrate is about 30%. With increasing content of bards in the substrate, the growth of biogas output is slowing down somewhat. When the content of molasses bards in the substrate to 26 %, the biogas is burned, that is, contains methane in its composition. When the content of molasses bards in the substrate is 100 %, the biogas is not burned, that is, it contains methane in an amount that is not capable of maintaining combustion.