Lexical Borrowings in Unrelated Languages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/philolog2020.03.015Abstract
Abstract. The article describes lexical borrowings in languages that are not closely related, taking into account the peculiar tendencies of modern term formation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the most commonly used terms of economics and to find out on what basis they originated or through which languages they were established and exist in modern scientific circulation. Materials and methods of research. Comparative-historical and descriptive methods are used in the work. Discussion. Lexical borrowings based on German or Romance bases are represented by languages belonging to different language families (as the examples are used the terms of English, French, German, Finnish, Estonian, Japanese, etc.). Lexical borrowings from Greek and Latin are found not only in the languages of the Indo-European language family, but also in Finno-Ugric languages, in particular Finnish, which is explained by the spread of international vocabulary. The description of the features of functioning in modern European languages of groups of terms with initial and final terminological elements of classical origin demonstrates theoretical and practical directions of studying and research of semantic connections in modern scientific terminology of the studied branches. The considered models of terms testify to the complexity of the relations of reality and the complexity of the ways of formation of modern terms, and also the forms of connections of terminological elements in the semantic structure of the term-word. Conclusions. The Finno-Ugric languages enter the European terminological area with its terminology, if not completely, then for a significant part, despite its genetic and typological difference from the Indo-European one.
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