Hematological and biochemical blood indices of rainbow trout depending on the level of protein in feeds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/animal2021.01.005Keywords:
commercial rainbow trout, fish feeding, compound feeds, protein, hematological parameters, leukocyte formula, blood biochemical indices.Abstract
The article considers the influence of complete feeds with different protein levels on the hematological and biochemical parameters of the trout blood. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the effect of different protein nutrition levels in feeding commercial rainbow trouts on hematological and biochemical parameters of their blood. For this purpose, five experimental groups were formed by the method of analogues. The experiment lasted 210 days and was divided into two periods: equalization (10 days) and basic (200 days). During the equalization period, the experimental fish consumed feed of the control group. In the main period, the level of protein in experimental feeds for different experimental trout groups ranged from 44 to 52 % per 1 kg. It was found that different levels of rainbow trout’s protein nutrition do not cause significant changes in the morphological composition of the blood. It is proved that rearing trout using compound feeds with a crude protein content of 50 % and 52 % promotes the increase of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, leukocytes and phagocytic activity in the blood. The use of 44 % and 46% low crude protein diets in fish feeding reduces the morphological components of the blood. As a result of studies on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in the fish blood revealed a slight increase under the influence of the studied factor. The analysis of the obtained results showed that with increasing levels of crude protein in the diets of rainbow trout, the concentration of total protein and its fractions in the blood serum increased. Accordingly, the amount of total protein in the blood of the control group fish was 60.0 g/l, in the experimental groups – it was within the range of 59.6–65.3 g/l. The increase in the level of rainbow trout’s protein nutrition in experimental groups 4 and 5 caused an increase in the amount of albumins, β-globulins and γ-globulins, compared to similar indices in the control group’s fish. As a result of experimental studies, an increase in the mineral status of rainbow trout blood using feeds with the crude protein content of 50–52 % was established. No differences in leukocytes counts were detected during the assessment of trout white blood cell counts.
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