Fatty acid content in bovine milk under the action of β-carotene
Keywords:
lactating cows, milk, butter, milk lipids, vitaton, fatty acidsAbstract
One of the key issues in the production of high-quality, biologically complete milk is to provide cows with a sufficient amount of biologically active substances, including vitamin A and its precursor β-carotene. One of the ways to enrich milk with vitamin A and carotenoids is feeding cows with natural feed additives, including vitaton containing up to 10% trans-β-carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A, as well as exhibit antioxidant, immunostimulating, and anticarcinogenic effects in the body.
Vitaton is the biomass of fungi Blakeslea trispora TKST strain, a product of microbial synthesis obtained by cultivating the producer on the waste of starch and molasses production. In terms of sanitation, the biomass of the fungi Bl. trispora is safe for animals, since the main condition for its production is sterility, excluding any microorganisms entering the fermentation medium. Besides, after the end of fermentation, the temperature of the medium is raised to 65–70 °C in the fermenter that destroys the β-carotene producer itself.
We conducted research on cows of the Ukrainian black and white dairy breed, which were fed with vitaton, in conditions of “Kuibysheve” ALLC of the Poltava region. The introduction of vitaton into the cows’ diet contributes to the increase of the milk fat content by an average of 0.26% and enhances the phospholipid synthesis in the mammary gland by 1.8 times. Vitaton as a biologically active additive did not affect the ratio of total saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in bovine milk but stimulated the formation and inclusion of two unsaturated fatty acids into the milk fat, namely nonadecanoic and α-linolenic, against the background of the disappearance of the arachidonic acid peak in the chromatogram. Changes in the fatty acid composition of milk fat obtained from cows fed with the vitaton as a source of β-carotene indicate the effect of β-carotene and other biologically active components contained in vitaton on milk lipid synthesis.
References
ul Haq, M. R., Kapila, R., Shandilya, U. K., Kapila, S. (2014). Impact of milk derived β-casomorphins on physiological functions and trends in research: a review. International Journal of Food Properties, 17(8), 1726-1741.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2012.712077
Lopes, L.L., Peluzio, M.C.G., Hermsdorff, H.H.M. (2016). Monounsaturated fatty acid intake and lipid metabolism. J. Vasc. Bras. 1 (1), 52-60.https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.008515
Jia-Horng Wang, Dengpan Bu. (2015). Effects of concentrate and supplemental saturated fatty acid on milk production and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cow. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association 30 (1). 92-96.
Hassan Rafiee, Gholam R Ghorbani, M. Alikhani, Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, James K Drackley. (2016). A comparison of the effect of soybeans roasted at different temperatures versus calcium salts of fatty acids on performance and milk fatty acid composition of mid-lactation Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 99 (7).https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-10546
Shevchenko, L.V., Mykhalska, V.M., Yaremchuk, O.S., Varpikhovsky, R.L. (2018). Mechanisms of assimilation of carotenoids in animals (review). Web of Scholar. 6 (24). 4. 43-49.
Abd El-Salam, M.H., El-Shibiny. (2020). Milk fat globule membrane: An overview with particular emphasis on its nutritional and health benefits. International journal of Dairy Technology. 6 (4). 655.https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12730
Shevchenko, L.V., Mykhalska, V.M., Yaremchuk O.S., Kaminska O.V., Bayer, O.V. (2018). Sources of carotenoids and their characteristics (review). Science Review. 8 (15). 19-26.
Sakhnyuk, V.V. (1997). Comparative evaluation of some methods for the diagnosis of vitamin A deficiency in cows. Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection Veterinary medicine. K.: Agrarian Science. 71. 52-55.
Davidov, R.B., Gulko, L.E., Kruglova, L.A., Faingar, B.I. (1972). Milk and dairy products as a source of vitamins. M.: Food industry, 183.
Colome, H. (1986). Valores plasmatocos y calostrales de vitamina A y carotenos en vacas Holstein alrededot del parto. Rev. Salud anim. 8. 2. 119-122.
Keen, A.R. (1984). Seasonal variation in the colour of milk fat from selected herds two dairy plants. N. Z. Dairy Sci. and. Technol. 19. 3. 263-265.
Boom, C.J., Sheath, G.W. (1997). Nutritional effects on carotenoid concentrations in the fat of beef cattle: Pap. Th Annu. Conf. N 2 Soc. Anim. Prod., Canterbury, Proc. N 2. Soc. Anim. Prod. 57. 282-285.
Devyatkin, V.A. (1991). The use of beta-carotene of microbiological synthesis in the feeding of dry and fresh cows. Bul. scientific. works of the All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry. 103. 36-39.
Vargas-Bello-Pérez, E., Cancino-Padilla, N., Geldsetzer-Mendoza, C., Morales, M. S., Leskinen, H., Garnsworthy, P.C., Loor, J.J., Romero, J. (2020). Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid sources on expression of lipid-related genes in bovine milk somatic cells. Scientific Reports. 10 (1). 14850.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71930-x
Iwańska S., Lewicki C., Rybicka M. (1985): The effect of beta carotene supplementation on the beta carotene and vitamin A levels of blood plasma and some fertility indices of dairy cows. Arch. Tierernahr. 35. 563-570.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17450398509425220
Ulitko, V.E., Khaisanov, D.P., Dushkin, V.V. (1997). Influence of different sources of carotene on the productivity of cows. Animal science. 6. 19-23.
Ulitko, V.E., Dushkin, V.V. (2002). Milk productivity, quality of colostrum and milk of highly productive cows, depending on the fractional composition of carotene in the diet. Agricultural biology. Series Animal Biology. 2. 43-50.
Alekseeva, L.V., Draganov, I.F., Bychkova, I.G. (2001). The effect of β-carotene on the body of pregnant cows. Animal science. 3. 15-17.
Yemets, Z.V., Mamenko, A.M. (2020). Useful properties of independent fatty acids in milk fat of milk of the cow and the influence of genetic factors on their content. Faktori Eksperimental Noi Evolucii Organizmiv. 27, 66-70.
https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v27.1304
Kartamysheva, N.V., Khmelkov, Ya.T. (2006). Lipocarotene is a new carotene supplement. Veterinary medicine for farm animals. 5. 66-67.
Belikova, V., Medvinskaya, E., Geraimovich, O. (2005). The effect of vitamin A in cow rations on milk. Dairy and beef cattle breeding. 5. 32-34.
Knight, T.W., Death, A.F., Lambert, M.G., McDougall, D.B. (2001). The rate of reduction in carotenoid concentration in fat of steers fed a low carotenoid ration, and the role of increasing carcass fatness. Austral. J. Agr. Res. 52. 10. 1023-1032.
https://doi.org/10.1071/AR01017
Knight, T.W., Death, A.F. (1997). Is beet with yellow fat potentially healthier for you than beef with white fat?: Pap. 57 th Annu. Conf. N 2 Soc. Anim. Prod., Canterbury, Proc. N 2. Soc. Anim. Prod. 57. 134-136.
Vasheka, O.M, Rashevskaya, T.O. (2005). The prospect of using plant food additives for the production of functional dairy products. Products and ingredients. 2005. 11 (20). 61-62.
Galstyan, A.G., Avetisyan, G.A. (2005). Carotenoids. General position. Application in the dairy industry. M.: Publishing house of the Russian Agricultural Academy. 2005. 160.
Mushtruk, M., Deviatko, O., Ulianko, S., Kanivets, N., Mushtruk, N. (2021). An Agro-Industrial Complex Fat-Containing Wastes Synthesis Technology in Ecological Biofuel. In: Ivanov V., Pavlenko I., Liaposhchenko O., Machado J., Edl M. (eds) Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing IV. DSMIE 2021. Switzerland : Springer International Publishing, p. 361-370. ISBN 978-3-030-77823-1
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77823-1_36
Grigorieva, M.P. (2003). Isomerization of β-carotene in various foods. Nutrition issues. 6. 15-17.
Mushtruk, M., Vasyliv, V., Slobodaniuk, N., Mukoid, R., Deviatko, O. 2020a. Improvement of the Production Technology of Liquid Biofuel from Technical Fats and Oils. In Ivanov, V., Trojanowska, J., Machado, J., Liaposhchenko, O., Zajac, J., Pavlenko, I., Edl, M., Perakovic, D. Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing IІI. Switzerland : Springer International Publishing, p. 377-386. ISBN 21954364-21954356.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50491-5_36
Narushin, V.G. (2004). Beta carotene from mold. Food industry. 6. 87.
Katserikova, N.V., Korotkaya, E.V., Pozdnyakovsky, V.M. (2000). β-carotene for dairy fortification. Dairy industry. 3. 37-39.
Polyansky, K.K., Golubeva, L.V., Dolmatova, O.O. (2001). Dynamics of β-carotene storage process in combined dairy. Voronezh State Technological Academy. Storage and processing of agricultural raw materials. 2001. 5. 36-37.
Kolyanovska, L. M., Palamarchuk, I. P., Sukhenko, Y., Mussabekova, A., Bissarinov, B., Popiel, P., Mushtruk, M. M., Sukhenkko, V., Vasuliev, V., Semko, T., Tyshchenko, L. 2019. Mathematical modeling of the extraction process of oil-containing raw materials with pulsed intensification of heat of mass transfer. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 25 p.
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522354
Sukhenko Y., Sukhenko V., Mushtruk M., Litvinenko A. (2019) Mathematical Model of Corrosive-Mechanic Wear Materials in Technological Medium of Food Industry. In: Ivanov V. et al. (eds) Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing. DSMIE 2018. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93587-4_53
Veselsky, S.P., Liashenko, P.S., Kostenko, С.І. et al.. (2001). A method of preparing samples of bioliquids to determine the content of substances of lipid nature. Patent of Ukraine 99031324 MBN A 61V5/14. № 33564; declared 05.10.99; published 15.02.2001, № 1.
Petrovsky, V.I., Regerend, T.I., Lizenko E.I. (1986). Extraction, separation and quantification of serum lipid fractions. Laboratory work. 6. 339-341.
DSTU ISO 5508-2001. Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Analysis by gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters. K.: Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy, 2002. 15.
Kokunin, V.A. (1975). Statistical processing with a small number of experiments. Ukr. biochem. Journal. 47. 6. 776-790.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
