GNSS-technologies and satellite geodesy of the new generation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2026.04.0%25pKeywords:
GNSS technologies, satellite geodesy, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou, RTK, PPP, positioning, geospatial dataAbstract
The article presents a narrative overview of modern approaches to the application of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in geodesy and geospatial support. The purpose of the work is to generalize modern technologies of high-precision satellite positioning and determine the prospects of their use in the conditions of digital transformation of the geodetic industry. Scientific publications and official documentation devoted to GNSS, RTK, Network RTK, PPP and PPP-RTK technologies, satellite corrections, as well as GNSS integration with unmanned aerial vehicles and geoinformation systems were analyzed for the review. The analysis covered modern approaches to high-precision positioning, features of the application of multi-system and multi-frequency observations, the possibility of using Galileo High Accuracy Service and SSR corrections, as well as issues of integrity and authentication of navigation signals.
As a result of the analysis, the main characteristics of RTK, Network RTK, PPP and PPP-RTK were systematized according to the criteria of accuracy, convergence time, need for ground infrastructure, coverage area, delay of corrections and suitability for work in conditions of a complex urban environment. RTK and Network RTK are found to provide prompt acquisition of high-precision coordinates in the presence of access to the reference infrastructure and correction transmission channels, while PPP is characterized by greater independence from local reference stations, but requires time for the convergence of the coordinate solution. PPP-RTK combines the advantages of global PPP coverage with accelerated convergence by using additional error information. At the same time, achieving a centimeter or millimeter level of accuracy depends on the duration of observations, the type of receiver, the number of available satellites, signal propagation conditions, the quality of corrections and data processing methods.
Particular attention is paid to the prospects for the development of GNSS technologies related to the use of Galileo High Accuracy Service, SSR corrections, machine learning methods and the integration of satellite positioning with UAVs, sensor systems and geoinformation technologies. The need to increase the resistance of GNSS to radio interference, ensure the integrity and authenticity of signals and increase the reliability of reference networks, especially in conditions of increased man-made and security risks, is substantiated. The results obtained may be used to select optimal satellite positioning techniques depending on the nature of the surveying work, accuracy requirements and the infrastructure available [1].
Received: 16.07.2026;
Accepted: 29.07.2026;
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