Stability of showing of biochemical traits of courgette fruits under different conditions of growing linear material

Abstract

In connection with the development of organic vegetable growing in Ukraine, the topical issue of courgette breeding is the creation of varieties and hybrids of F₁ with maximum adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of cultivation. The purpose of research is to identify genetic sources for the breeding of courgette with a stable manifestation of biochemical characteristics of the fruit. Breeding work was carried out with 20 lines of courgette of different geographical origin. Evaluation of linear genotypes was performed on the following indicators – general (GAC_i) and specific adaptive capacity (SAC_i), relative stability (Sg_i), coefficient of ecological plasticity (b_i) and selection value (BVG_i). Courgette lines with a high content of dry matter, total sugar and vitamin C in fruits in the phase of technical ripeness have been created. Among them, 2 highly adaptive lines, which simultaneously exceeded the standard variety Chaklun in terms of dry matter content (4.46… 4.71%) and total sugar (2.77… 2.84%). Highly adaptive lines, better than the standard grade for the manifestation of one feature - the dry matter content – 1 line (4.58%), total sugar – 3 lines (2.72… 2.77%), vitamin C – 2 lines 14.93… 15.55 mg / 100 g). Low dependence on growing conditions at the same time on the manifestation of 2 traits (dry matter content and vitamin C in the fruit) was demonstrated by 3 lines (-1 < b_i < 1). The obtained lines are a valuable source material for the creation of varieties and hybrids of courgette F1, suitable for organic cultivation technologies with high quality fruits in the phase of technical maturity.