A systematic analysis of flora under restoration of meadow vegetation on fallow lands of different demutation stages into the Forest-steppe of Ukraine

Анотація

We have analyzed meadow plants at different fallow years demutation located within Kyiv, Vasyl'kiv and Boryspil district of Kyiv region. Past studies of different fallow years autogenesis made it possible to account species and communities in different terms to identify demutatation changes. As part of the study flora - 428 species belonging to a higher spore and seed plants. This number is much smaller species or more of the region.

Within the Division Magnoliophyta dominated Magnoliopsida, numbering 363 species, representing 84.6% of all plants. Types Liliopsioda class has 60 representatives, or 14.2%.

Taxonomic structure of the flora of higher rank is divided as follows: Magnoliopsida includes seven subclasses - Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Hamamelididae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Lamiidae, Asteridae, and Liliopsioda has only one subclass - Liliidae. The most numerous subclasses are Rosidae - nine families (Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Aseraceae, Linaceae, Oxalidaceae, Geraniaceae, Balsaminaceae, Polygalaceae, Apiaceae) and is represented by 93 species; Lamiidae has eight families (Rubiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Solanaceae, Convulvulaceae, Boraginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Plantaginaceae, Lamiaceae) and 70 species; Asteridae only unites two families (Asteraceae, Campanulaceae) and 85 species.

Magnoliopsida comprise 55 families, of which only 9 are from 10 to 79 species in all, 8 species in the one family, 6 species in two families, 5 - four families, 4 species in four families, 3 species in three families, 2 species - 13 families, 19 families have one species. Liliopsioda represented by eight families, only one of the largest - 44 species, 8 species in the same family, two species - 2 family, 1 species in four families. Equisetophyta contains one family Equisetaceae and four species, Pinophyta - one family and one species.

An analysis of geobotanic studies have shown that the three largest species of the family - Asteraceae (79 species), Poaceae (44 species), Fabaceae - (40 species), comprise 163 species, or 37.9% of all species.
Determined that the first 10 families in number of species determine the most essential features of genesis, ways of formation, development and specificity of specific flora and fauna including fallow, including its zone membership. In assessing the floristic wealth are important top 10 families in number of species. Their composition 297 species make up 69.4% of the total. The remaining 55 family is only 30.6% that is characteristic of anthropogenically disturbed lands.

An important indicator of flora meadow vegetation spectrum of the genus. This analysis reveals the floral diversity of the studied fallow. The most numerous genus studied fallow is: Veronica - 12 species, Trifolium - 8, Carex, Festuca - to 7, Artemisia, Vicia, Centaurea - 6, Campanula, Galium, Euphorbia, Rumex, Ranunculus and Plantago - 5 species. The four species are the following genus: Medicago, Poa, Achillea, Agrostis, Prunus, Acer. Representatives of these genus act as dominant in meadow phytocenoses.
With these families connected floristic significance fallow that determine species composition, structural organization, environmental, and economic phytocoenotic values and basic laws of differentiation meadow flora fallow Forest-steppe.

         Playback natural fallow vegetation largely depends on habitat conditions, including edafotop. Terms meadow habitat types according conditioned factors. Ambiguous renaturalization meadow vegetation occurring on different soil structure. Therefore, the range of species, genera and families vary greatly in different areas of restoration and are heterogeneous in terms of flora and coenotic.

As a result of geo-botanical studies found that different fallow years demutation regular changes occurring flora. We must point out that there is poverty in the floristic composition phytocenoses with significant anthropogenic influence, as well as depleted soils. Every year there are qualitative and quantitative changes in vegetation cover edafotopnyh depending on conditions in the presence or absence of human impact.