ДЕПОНОВАНИЙ ВУГЛЕЦЬ У МОРТМАСІ БЕРЕЗОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ЧЕРНІГІВЩИНИ

Abstract

DEPOSITED CARBON IN MORMASS OF BIRCH FORESTS IN CHERNIGIV REGION

Y. V. Kovbasa, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

The planet's forests are one of the main stabilizing natural mechanisms that absorb industrial and transport carbon dioxide emissions into the Earth's atmosphere. The deposit of carbon takes place in the phytomass of living plants of forest plantations and their mortar, until the destruction of the wood.

Birch forests, in the first place, ensure the performance of ecological functions, one of the main ones being the ability to deposit carbon in forest biomass. To address resource-related, energy and environmental problems of the studied region, development of a complex of regulatory and information support for estimation of mortmazia of forest plantations is required.

The deposition of carbon in birch biomass takes place in the process of growth and development of trees, as well as in the process of formation of debris.

The aim of the study. Set the amount of deposited carbon in the components of marshmallow birch pods.

Methods and materials. The collection of experimental research data was carried out in Chernihiv region, where 32 temporary trial areas were established. To evaluate the mortmass of birch forests, a method of studying mortmass forest was used. Laying rectangular temporary test areas in accordance with standardized requirements.

Research results. The methodical basis for evaluating deposited carbon in birch forests is based on the study of carbon in phytomass of forest plantations. According to the results of the evaluation on the temporary test areas of the components of the mortmass of birch forests, mathematical modeling of the main components was carried out. Taking into account the existing experience in modeling phytomass of tree stands, the development of models was based on the use of power function.

As a result of the simulation of the components mortmass of birch forests, it has been established that the deposited carbon content in snags of birch plantings varies from 0,1 to 3,0 t·ha^-1, in turn, the content of deposited carbon in dry branches of the living birch trees varies from 0,5 to 0,3 t·ha^-1. As we see the quantitative indicators of deposited carbon in the branches of living trees decreases to the age of ripeness.

In general, the deposited carbon in the logs varies from 0,04 t·ha^-1at a young age and increases to 3,0 t·ha^-1at the age of maturity. To calculate the normative reference information for assessing the mortmass of the branches of birch forests in an absolutely dry condition per unit area, using mathematical models with three factors of influence. The content of deposited carbon in the branches of birch planting varies from 0,02 to 1. t·ha^-1. Quantitative indices of deposited carbon in the litter of birch planting varies from 2,6 to 2,7 t·ha^-1.

According to the obtained data, the largest proportion of mortmass birch plantings is concentrated in litter (42 %), and the smallest share of mortmass belongs to the mortar of dry branches of living trees (5 %).

The largest amount of carbon deposited in dead vegetative organic matter in Chernihiv region was found in mortmass of forest litter – 182 thousand tons, and the mortmass of logs – 130 thousand tons, the least – in dry branches of living trees – 24 thousand tons.