CLINICAL CONDITION OF DAIRY COWS PRODUCTIVITY UNDER HEAT STRESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/ujvs2019.04.009Abstract
Abstract. Cows with high dairy productivity differ from other animals by the excess heat generation during food fermentation in the rumen and during milk production and the milk giving. In hot weather, heat output in dairy cows is insufficient, leading to the development of heat stress. At the average daily ambient temperature of 24.75 ± 1.30 °C the tunnel ventilation in the cowshed copes with its functions and provides optimal sanitary and hygienic parameters. This allows to provide comfort zone for cows (THI 68 to 71), without not to impairing their production figures and receive extra-class milk. At an average daily ambient temperature of 28.5 ± 0.47 - 29.6 ± 0.30 °C the tunnel ventilation in the cowshed does not cope with its functions and cows are in a state of moderate or severe heat stress. The clinical condition of cows under such conditions is characterized by a significant increase in pulse and respiratory votes, prolongation of the period of standing on their feet, the reduction of cud chewing period, masticatory movements and slowing down of the cud chewing process. At the demonstrate average daily ambient temperature of 29.6 ± 0.30 °C milk quality indicators a pronounced decreasing tendency compared to those that are obtained from cows subjected to moderate thermal overheating and which are significantly lower than control data (cows in the comfort period). In almost half of the cows under severe heat stress the milk fat content is 3.05 % and protein content is 3.60 %; the number of somatic cells in the milk from these cows, increase by 10 % compared to the vote in the milk from cows subjected to the moderate heat stress and by 42 % (P ≤ 0.001) in the milk of cows that are kept under comfortable conditions.
Keywords: chewing, masticatory period, masticatory movements, body temperature, pulse, respiration, somatic cell count (CSC), high-yielding dairy cows, heat stress, temperature and humidity index, thermoregulation, cardiovascular failure
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