The impact of microbial preparations on the process composting of the poultry litter and the quality of the compost
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/poultry2019.11.018Keywords:
poultry farming, poultry litter, processing methods, composting, microbiological preparations, environmental protectionAbstract
Typical composting technology of
the poultry litter is characterized by a significant
process duration (4‑6 months), which increases
the need for land areas to equip composting
sites and the likelihood of environmental
contamination by harmful substances. In the
process of long processing up to 40% of the
most valuable component of compost is lost –
nitrogen, which is converted into ammonia, which
pollutes the atmosphere. For intensification
of bio-fermentation processes, reduction of
nitrogen losses and environmental pollution, it
is sometimes suggested to use special microbial
preparations in the composting process.
However, scientific data on the effectiveness of
their use in composting is often controversial.
Based on this, the purpose of our research was
to study the effect of the use of microbiological
agents on the composting process of the poultry
litter and the quality of the compost obtained.
The raw material used was the litter of chickens
with a carbon- nitrogen ratio of 20: 1, whose
humidity was brought to 55‑60%. The raw
material was divided into three similar parts
by weight, one of which was not treated with
microbial preparations (control); the second
was treated with a microbial preparation
based on bacteria B. subtilis, B. Licheniformis
and Pseudomonas sp.; and the third with a
microbiological preparation for basis of lactic
acid bacteria, yeast and phytotrophic bacteria.
According to the results of the studies it was
not found significant effect of both microbial
preparations on the dynamics of the temperature
of the substrate during composting compared
with the control variant. At the same time,
when using microbial preparations, there was
a tendency to a decrease in the emission of
ammonia during composting and an increase in
the nitrogen content in the resulting compost.
However, the differences between the options
were statistically unreliable, therefore, for
more reasonable conclusions of the study in this
direction it is necessary to continue.
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