Etiology analysis of broiler chickens femoral head necrosis in industrial production
Keywords:
Necrosis of the femoral head, etiology, parent flock, hatching egg, incubation waste, chickens, rearingAbstract
Currently, increasing loads on birds bodies with intensive metabolism, adverse environmental factors, immunobiological adjustment during vaccinations leads to decreasing of nonspecific organism resistance and development of immunosuppressive states in the process of cultivation.
Femoral head necrosis is a fairly common broiler disease. The causes of this disease can be both infectious and non-infectious. These factors often act as a complex of syndromes which starts with adversely affect on the individual in the hatchery egg, continues to affect during embryogenesis and has a negative effect during culturing. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that cause broilers' necrosis of the femoral heads in industrial conditions. For this purpose, four batches of meat-type chickens eggs (in control trays) were examined in the poultry farm. Two batches of eggs were imported from abroad, and two were obtained from chickens of their own parent flock at 34 and 62 weeks of age. The conditions and shelf-life of hatching eggs in the farm met all the recommended parameters. The autopsy of incubation refuses after the first translucence of eggs from the chickens of their own parent flock indicated a weak thin shell.
Further analysis and autopsy of incubation refuses identified problems with hatching eggs, which can be a provocative factor for current broilers disease. Postmortem examination of incubation refuses revealed the presence in all the batches of examined eggs a significant number of samples affected by opportunistic pathogenic microflora, particularly Escherichia coli microorganisms. Bacteriological impression occurred on different stages of embryogenesis and in different degrees of manifestation, pointing to both different sources of infection and the severity of the pathological process
References
Nakaz. (2007). Nakaz vid 20 chervnia 2007 r. №69 pro zatverdzhennia Instruktsii z provedennia sanitarnoi obrobky – dezinfektsii, dezinsektsii ta deratyzatsii obiektiv ptakhivnytstva [Order of June 20, 2007 №69 on approval of the Instruction of sanitization – disinfection, disinsection and deratization of poultry farming facilities]. 2007. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0813-07 (Accessed 05/04/2019). [in Ukrainian].
Berzinia, N., Apsitu, M., Vasylieva, S., Basova, N., & Smyrnova H. (2013). Korysnyi udar [A useful blow]. Nashe ptakhivnytstvo [Our poultry], 1, 66-67. [in Ukrainian].
Dorofeeva S.T., & Lugovaya I.S. (2016). Sovremennyie predstavleniya ob etiopatogeneze NGBK u ptitsyi [Contemporary views of the etiopathogenesis of birds' femoral head necrosis]. Ptitsevodstvo [Poultry], 10, 41-44. [in Rassian].
Metodychni rekomendatsii (2008). Metodychni rekomendatsii shchodo zastosuvannia spetsializovanykh form pervynnykh dokumentiv z obliku dovhostrokovykh ta potochnykh biolohichnykh aktyviv v silskohospodarskykh pidpryiemstvakh [Methodological recommendations on the use of specialized forms of primary documentation for accounting of long-term and current biological assets in agricultural enterprises]. URL: https://www.buh24.com.ua/metodichni-rekomendatsiyi-73-minagropolitiki-nakaz-73-dok-ti-oblik-dovgostrokovih-ta-potochnih-biologichnih-aktiviv/ (Accessed 30/03/2019). [in Ukrainian].
Pro zatverdzhennia (2001). Pro zatverdzhennia Veterynarno-sanitarnykh pravyl dlia ptakhivnychykh hospodarstv i vymoh do yikh proektuvannia: nakaz №53 vid 05 lypnia 2001 r. [The statement of Veterinary and sanitary rules for poultry farms and requirements to their engineering – Order №53 from the 5th of July]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0565-01 [Accessed 5/04/2019]. [in Ukrainian].
Otryiganev G.K., Bessarabov B.F., & Isaev Yu.V. (1981). Bolezni embrionov ptits [Embryo diseases birds]. M.: Rosselhozizdat, 136 [in Rassian].
Pidpryiemstva ptakhivnytstva [Poultry enterprises]. VNTP-APK-04.05. (2005). K.: Minahropolityky, 90. [in Ukrainian].
Prokudina N.A. (2018). Rannyaya embrionalnaya smertnost: klassifikatsiya i osnovnyie etiologicheskie faktoryi [Early embryonic mortality: classification and major etiological factors]. Ptakhivnytstvo.ua [Poultry.ua], 12, 42-45. [in Rassian].
Prokudina N.A. (2014). Embriotoksikozyi selskohozyaystvennoy ptitsyi: diagnostika, etiologiya, patogenez, profilaktika [Poultry embryotoxicosis: diagnosis, etiology, pathogenesis, prevention. Rational feeding of productive animals: Collection of scientific-practical materials]. Ratsionalna hodivlia produktyvnykh tvaryn: Zbirka naukovo-praktychnykh materialiv. Kyiv, 88-99. [in Rassian].
Prokudina N.A., Artemenko A.B., & Ogurtsova N.S. (2006). Metodyi biologicheskogo kontrolya v inkubatsii [Biological control methods of incubation]. /Pod obsch. red. Yu.A. Ryabokonya. Borki, 107. [in Rassian].
Prokudina N.O. (2017). Hodivlia vplyvaie na embriohenez [Feeding affects the embryogenesis]. Nashe ptakhivnytstvo [Our poultry], 5(53), 50-53. [in Ukrainian].
Prokudina N.О. (2012). Vplyv umovno-patohennoi mikroflory na inkubatsiine yaitse ta embrionalnyi rozvytok silskohospodarskoi ptytsi [An Influence of opportunistic pathogenic microflora on a hatching egg and embryonic development in poultry]. Suchasna veterynarna medytsyna [Modern Veterinary Medicine], №5, С. 32-37. [in Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
