Modern methods for determining quality and safety indicators of poultry products
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/poultry2025.01-02.041Abstract
The poultry industry in Ukraine and the world is developing dynamically. Poultry farming is an important source of income for small farmers, private and public market operators. It plays a significant role in meeting people's daily needs, in particular, providing the body with vital nutrients through the consumption of meat and eggs. At the same time, the requirements for the safety and quality of poultry products are growing significantly. The main indicators of poultry meat quality include organoleptic assessment, determination of meat temperature, mass fraction of fat, protein, etc. Maximum permissible levels (MRLs) have been established for the main indicators of the safety of poultry products, such as residues of pesticides, drugs, heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, radionuclides, microbiological indicators and mycotoxins. They are specified in the relevant current regulatory legal acts of Ukraine. Guided by these standards, appropriate research methods have been developed and are constantly being improved in Ukraine and the world. Sample preparation of eggs, egg products and poultry meat is the most important stage in determining the required indicators and consists of sampling, extraction and purification. For the determination of aflatoxins, hormones and antibiotics in poultry products, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chromatographic methods are used: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS analysis). Toxic elements and heavy metals are determined by atomic emission with inductively coupled plasma and atomic absorption methods. Polychlorinated biphenyls and fatty acids in eggs and poultry meat are determined by gas chromatography using PID and ESD detectors and capillary columns. In the future, it would be advisable to conduct a comparative assessment of existing methods for determining the quality and safety indicators of poultry products, indicating the advantages and disadvantages of specific research methods.
Key words: poultry products, analytical methods, quality, safety
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