FORMATION OF THE PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS IN SPRING RAPE DEPENDING ON FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION OF SEED AND OF DRUG ACTION "PICTOR" BASED ON BOSKALIDU AND DIMOKSISTRABINU

Abstract

Important indicators, that reflect productivity of varieties of spring rape is the density of plants, branches and number of pods per plant, number of seeds in a pod and weight 1000 seeds. The maximum seed yield formed at their optimal value, but in case of lack of one structural element of the crop may be compensated by another indicator. Items crop patterns are quite variable and depend on the specific conditions that form quantitative expression of each.

Therefore, in order to obtain a high yield, exists need to study the impact of existing elements of spring rape growing technologies, their improvement and development of innovative approaches, taking into account soil and climatic conditions of the region.

The aim of the research was to examine the influence of factious seeds and growth-regulatory fungicide "Pictor" for forming the elements of productivity of spring rape. The subject of research was sort Magnate of spring rape and variety sample MWM (Gladiator), whose seeds were sown for the factions - 2.5 g; 2,6-3,5 g; 3.6 g or more. In budding used growth-regulatory fungicide "Pictor" a dose of 0.5 l/ha. The observation, recording and analysis of research carried out by the method proposed NSC "Institute of Agriculture NAAS."

Analysis of experimental data on the formation of structure elements yield of spring rape varieties showed high seed influence of different factions on forming the number of pods per plant, number of seeds in a pod and weight 1000 seeds. Depending on the researched fractions of seed Magnate variety, number of pods on the same plant ranged from 138.3 to 149.9 pc./plant. The highest number of pods formation observed by sowing the seed fraction of 2.5 g - 149.9 pieces./plant. Usage of drug "Pictor" on crops Magnat variety impacted on increasing the number of pods from 4.2 to 12.5 pcs./plant. The highest figure was in this version by sowing seeds fraction 2,6-3,5 g (150.8 pcs./plant). In variety sample MWM number of pods on the same plant decreased from the smallest seed fraction of 2.5 g (134.1 pcs./plant) to the largest faction seed 3.6 g or more (121.3 pcs./рlant). A similar pattern was observed by the usage of the drug "Pictor".

The average number of pods per plant Magnat variety was 139,9 ± 10,8 pcs./plant, by using the drug "Pictor" their number increased to 145,9 ± 27,0 pcs./plant. In variety sample MWM number of pods per plant was slightly lower, depending on the version of the experiment varied from 129,3 ± 5,8 to 135,5 ± 9,6 pcs./plant. During this variability index (Magnat 14,6-18,1% MWM 11,5-14,7%) can be argued that the average grade and variety sample form the same number of pods per plant, depending on the impact of researched factors.

One of the indicators that significantly affect on the level of yields of rape spring seed is the number of seeds in a pod. In our researches, given indicator, the average grade for the Magnat was 17,9 ± 0,9 pc., and for variety sample MWM - 17,5 ± 0,5 pc. Number of existing seeds per pod version of the drug "Pictor" in grade was 18,3 ± 0,7 pc., and in variety sample 17,6 ± 0,4 pc., respectively. The coefficient of variation in Magnat variety for sowing the seeds of various factions and drug "Pictor" was practically at the same level (V = 6,9-8,1%), in variety sample MWM it was V = 6,3-8,7%. It should be note, that depending on the studied fractions of seed Magnat variety number of seeds in a pod decreased by the smallest fraction of 2.5 g (18.6 pc) the largest of 3.6 g or more (17.2 pc.). In variety sample MWM this indicator was almost at the same level, but the largest number of seeds in a pod observed by sowing seeds fraction 2,6-3,5 g (18.1 pc.). By treating with the drug "Pictor" was noted the tendency to increase the number of seeds per pod in sowing with the seed fraction of 2.5 g and 3.6 g or more.

One of the important factors that determines the ultimate productivity of spring rape - a mass of 1000 seeds. Depending on sowing seeds of factions in Magnat variety maximum weight of 1000 seeds (4.0 g) obtained by sowing the seed fraction of 3.6 g or more. In variety sample MWM this indicator was the largest for sowing seed fraction 2,6-3,5 g and 3.6 g or more (3.4 g). Usage of the drug "Pictor" led to increasing in weight of 1000 seeds for sowing seed fraction to 2.5 g for variety - 0.4 g and variety sample to - 0.5 g. for not processed options. In an average, during the years of research, in Magnat variety and variety sample MWM mass of 1000 seeds was virtually at the same level (3,6 ± 0,3 - 3,3 ± 0,6 g). Furthermore, coefficient of variation was in variety V = 11,3%, in variety sample - 8.5%. On average, drug "Pictor" provided no significant increase in the weight of 1000 seeds of Magnat varieties 3,7 ± 0,2 g, variety sample MWM this figure was at the level of non-treated variants.

Analysis of the relationship in structural elements of spring rape yield showed that regardless of the option (fractional composition of seeds and preparations "Pictor") had high correlation indicators: number of pods per plant (r = 0,84-0,91), 1000 seeds weight (r = 0,68-0,79). Study of correlation between yields and structural elements proves that the present structure of the crop are more influenced by the drug "Pictor" and less - fraction composition of seeds.

The researches prove the dependence of biological variety and yield variety sample spring rape on the size of the main elements of yield structure that determine the level of productivity of plants. It was established that in a northern steppes of Ukraine, by sowing the seed fraction of 3.6 g or more in Magnat variety received the highest biological yield of 5.32 t/ha, and in variety sample MWM (Gladiator) 4.45 t/ha at sowing seeds application fraction 2,6-3,5 g. Usage of the drug "Pictor" in the tested sort and variety sample contributed to raising the level of yield 0,54-0,77 t/ha at sowing by the seeds to 2.5 g fractions and 2,6-3 5 g.