Influence of the conditions of keeping laying hens on their productivity and efficiency of food egg production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/poultry2022.05-06.008Keywords:
hens of the industrial herd, egg production, safety, live weight, technological stressor, cage batteries, stocking densityAbstract
In the conditions of industrial production of poultry products, the body of hens is constantly exposed to numerous technological stressors that reduce the level of immunological reactivity of the bird's body, which leads to a decrease in its productivity and significant economic losses. One of these stressors is the increased density of hens. At the same time, increased stocking density is a resourcesaving method in egg production, which is often used to obtain more eggs from available production areas. Therefore, the goal was to study the influence of the density of keeping hens of an industrial herd in modern 12-tier cage batteries on their productivity and the efficiency of production of food eggs. For this, hens were kept in cages of multi-tiered batteries for 44 weeks at different densities, namely 13.3 birds m2, which corresponded to European standards, 24.0 birds/m2 – according to Ukrainian standards, and with increasing overcrowding – 25.3 and 26.7 birds m2 It was found that increasing the density of keeping hens to 25.3 birds /m2 leads to a certain decrease in the viability and productivity of hens and at the same time makes it possible to obtain an additional larger number of eggs per 1 m2 of the poultry house area during the 44-week egg-laying period. In particular, in the experiment, an additional 4.5 million eggs were obtained from each poultry house (1,714 eggs from 1 m2 of its area) compared to domestic norms at a higher level of the European coefficient of efficiency of their production, and 40 million eggs (15,138 eggs from 1 m2 of its area), compared to European norms at the same level of the European coefficient of efficiency of their production. Whereas overdensification up to 26.7 birds/m2 is impractical, as it causes the development of stress in laying hens, the consequences of which are a decrease in survival by 8.9-9.0% and laying by 4.0-5.8%, which leads to a decrease level of the European coefficient of efficiency of egg production by 1.0 units.
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