Commodity quality of apple fruits of columnar type
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2022.02.002Keywords:
apple, variety, marketability, fruit, fruit weight, fruit qualityAbstract
Along with the biological characteristics of growth and development of apple plants, resistance to abiotic and biotic factors, productivity, a special indicator of the variety that determines its popularity is fruit quality (weight, size, shape of the fruit), they are the most stable feature of the variety. During 2017-2020, the fruits of seven varieties of columnar type were studied. According to the normative document DSTU EEC OOH FFV - 50: 2007. most of the studied apple varieties of columnar type over the years formed fruits of medium and above average weight. The group of varieties with average fruit weight (110-150 g) includes varieties "Tantsivnytsia", "Valuta" and "President"; the group with the highest average fruit weight (151-200 grams) includes the varieties И?Favoryt’, И?Sparta’ and И?Bolero’; И?Bilosnizhka’ variety produced fruits with a large fruit weight (over 200 grams). The diameter of apple fruits also varied depending on the variety in the range of 63.0-99.0 mm. According to the diameter of the fruit, columnar apple varieties are also divided into three groups: with a small diameter of the fruit - И?Tantsivnytsia’; with a medium diameter - И?President’, И?Valuta’, И?Bolero’, И?Sparta’ and И?Favoryt’; with a large diameter - И?Bilosnizhka’.
According to organoleptic evaluation, the sour-sweet nature of the taste is characteristic of apples of all varieties. The most attractive in appearance are the fruits of the varieties И?Favoryt’, И?Bolero’ and И?Bilosnizhka’. И?Bolero’ fruits are superior in taste to other varieties studied.
According to the general assessment of fruits, on plants of all investigated grades apples of rather high consumer quality are formed; И?Favoryt’, И?Bilosnizhka’ and И?Bolero’ fruits were rated the highest.
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