Dynamics of the nourishing regime soils at different systems of basic treatment of soil and fertilizers in crop rotation on irrigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.03.011Abstract
In the article are represented research results on the study of influencing of basic treatment of soil and fertilizers on the dynamics of the nourishing mode of soil.
It was the purpose of researches to set influence of basic treatment of soil and fertilizers on the dynamics of the nourishing mode at growing of the field cultures in the short rotation irrigated crop rotation in the conditions of south of Ukraine. The task of research consisted in establishment of influencing of the explored factors on forming of indexes of the nourishing mode of soil – dynamics of nitrification ability and phosphoric-potassium diet soil under sowing of agricultural cultures in a crop rotation on irrigation.
The field experiments were conducted in obedience to the method of experimental business. The agrotechnics of growing of the explored agricultural cultures in the irrigated crop rotation was confessedly for the terms of south of Ukraine.
It is set, that amount of nitrates in the punched layer of soil made 0-40 sm during conducting of different-depth dump treatment on the average on a crop rotation 90,2 mg/kg, while in soil on variants with the differentiated treatment, it is comparative with the control, reduction was 30,9-33,1%, and most decline is observed on variants with the one-depth shallow superficial loosening, that is conditioned by the features of passing of biological processes and transformation of nitrates.
Application of the differentiated systems of treatment of soil, increase of doses of bringing of mineral fertilizers to N90 under sowing of barley winter, to N180 under a corn and treatment of seeds of soy of inoculation on a background bringing N60, at the optimum mode the irrigations provide forming of high nitrification ability of soil, both under agricultural cultures and in a crop rotation on the whole. Characterizing the indexes of nitrification ability of soil, it should be noted its decline from beginning to end of vegetation on 19.3-30.3%. The table of contents of mobile connections of phosphorus in the layer of soil 0-40 cm at different systems of basic treatment was high and on the average 44.0-64.0 mg/kg soils made on a crop rotation, and on maintenance mobile connections of potassium – answered the middle level of material well-being, and changed in the range of a 249-291 mg/kg soil.
Key words: nourishing mode of soil, irrigated crop rotation, basic treatments of soil, fertilizer, nitrogen, nitrification ability of soil, phosphorus, potassium.
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