Research on the drying parameters of protein-carotene-containing raw materials based on beans, carrots and celery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/energiya4(86).2026.004Keywords:
drying, intensification, carrots, beans, celery, step modeAbstract
Today, the world is trying to solve problems related to the processing of edible plant raw materials using existing drying methods that preserve biologically active substances and reduce energy consumption. Antioxidants, namely carotenoids, have demonstrated significant potential for processing in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their rich nutritional value and functional properties. The most common representative of carotenoids in Ukraine is carrots, due to their rich content of vitamins, minerals and fibre.
Carotenoids are best converted into retinol when the diet contains sufficient amounts of easily digestible protein and fat. It is advisable to create carotenoid-containing powders that contain a full range of these compounds. Therefore, the aim of this work is to provide a thermophysical justification for the drying parameters of various combined mixtures based on carrots, beans and celery in order to reduce energy consumption.
The study investigated the drying parameters of mixtures, namely carrot-celery, carrot-bean, and bean-carrot-celery, on an experimental convective bench.
Research results show that for drying carrot and celery mixture, it is advisable to use a step mode of 100/70 °C, which reduces the duration of the process by 1.92 times compared to 60 °C. Also, for carrot and bean powder, using a 100/70 ºC step mode reduces the duration of the process by 1.3 times compared to 60 ºC. Further creation of a mixture based on beans, carrots and celery will allow obtaining a protein-carotene mixture, the drying time at a temperature of 70 ºC is 42 minutes, which is 1.3 times less compared to 60 ºC.
The creation of combinations of protein-carotene mixtures reduces carotenoid consumption by 2.4-2.8 times compared to hygrothermally treated carrots and by 8.7-10.1 times compared to untreated carrots during drying. The results show that optimal conditions make it possible to preserve high levels of carotenoids in powders. At the same time, the concentration of carotenoids in dry powders increases approximately 5 times.
Recieved: 27.05.2025. Recieved: 15.07.2026. Accepted: 20.08.2026
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